Figure 4. CFE inhibits TPA-induced Matrigel invasion in MCF-7 cells. Cells were seeded in the upper chamber of chamber dishes and were either treated with CFE or left untreated. After 24 hours of incubation, (A) cells on the bottom of the chamber membrane were fixed, stained. (B) The number of counted cells was graphed on the basis of the TPA treatment group. Values represent mean±SEM of three independent experiments.

CFE=Crotonis fructus extract; TPA=12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate; SEM=standard error of the mean.

^*p<0.01 vs. TPA.