Table. Summary of all reported Mycobacterium riyadhense infections in Saudi Arabia and other countries*.
Case | Age, y/sex | Nationality | City | Region/ country | Specimen | Smear/ culture results | Clinical relevance† | Treatment† | Treatment outcome | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
This study | ||||||||||
1 | 25/M | Saudi | Dammam | Eastern/ Saudi Arabia | Sputum | ++/+ | Yes | CLR/INH/RFP | Cured | |
2 | 55/M | Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | BAL | –/+ | Yes | INH/RFP/EMB/PZA | Cured | |
3 | 39/F | Non-Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | Sputum | +/+ | Yes | INH/RFP/EMB/PZA | Cured | |
4 | 77/M | Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | Tracheal aspirate | +/+ | Yes | INH/RFP | Cured | |
5 | 57/M | Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | Lymph node | –/+ | Yes | INH/RFP/CLR | Cured | |
6 | 82/M | Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | BAL | –/+ | Yes | CLR/INH/RFP | Cured | |
7 | 18/M | Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | Gastric aspirate | +/+ | Yes | INH/RFP/EMB/PZA | Cured | |
8 | 32/M | Non-Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | Endotracheal aspirate | –/+ | Yes | CLR/INH/RFP | Cured | |
9 | 61/M | Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | Sputum | +/+ | Yes | INH/RFP | NA | |
10 | 8/M | Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | Lymph node | –/+ | Yes | CLR/INH/RFP | Cured | |
11 | 82/M | Saudi | Dammam | Eastern/ Saudi Arabia | Sputum | +/+ | No | INH/RFP | Died | |
12
|
28/M |
Saudi |
Riyadh |
Central/ Saudi Arabia |
Lymph node |
–/+ |
Yes |
INH/RFP |
Cured |
|
Previous reports
| ||||||||||
( 1 ) | 19/M | Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | Bone infection in maxillary sinus | –/+ | Yes | INH/RIF/EMB/PZA | Cured | |
( 2 ) | 38/F | South Korea | NA | South Korea | Sputum | +/+ | Yes | INH/RIF/EMB/PZA | Cured | |
( 3 ) | 39/F | France | Toulon | France | Sputum | +/+ | Yes | INH/RIF/EMB/PZA | Cured | |
( 4 ) | 43/M | Bahrain | Awali | Bahrain | Sputum | –/+ | Yes | INH/RIF/EMB/PZA/CLR/CIP | Cured | |
( 5 ) | 18/F | Saudi | Jeddah | West/ Saudi Arabia | Brain with bone | –/+ | Yes | INH/RIF/EMB/PZA/MX | Cured | |
( 6 ) | 24/F | Saudi | Riyadh | Central/ Saudi Arabia | Spine | –/+ | Yes | INH/RIF/EMB/PZA | Cured | |
( 7 ) | 30/M | Saudi | NA | West/ Saudi Arabia | Sputum + lymph node | +/+ | Yes | INH/RIF/EMB/PZA | Cured | |
( 8 ) | 54/M | Saudi | NA | Central/ Saudi Arabia | BAL | +/+ | Yes | INH/RIF/EMB/PZA | Cured |
*BA, bronchoalveolar lavage; NA, not available; +, positive; -, negative. Positive smearing results indicate the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Wherein, 10–99 AFB identified in 100 fields have been noted with (+), and 100–999 AFB in 100 fields correlates with (++). Positive culturing results highlight the presence of mycobacterial growth. CIP, ciprofloxacin; CLR, clarithromycin; EMB, ethambutol; INH, isoniazid; MX, moxifloxacin; PZA, pyrazinamide; RFP, rifampin. †Based on American Thoracic Society guidelines for pulmonary NTM disease/colonization (https://www.thoracic.org/statements/resources/mtpi/nontuberculous-mycobacterial-diseases.pdf).