Table 2.
Biomechanical Properties of Different Grafts Available for ACL Reconstruction
| Graft | Ultimate Tensile Load, N | Stiffness, N/mm | Cross-Sectional Area, mm2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intact ACL10 | 2,160 | 242 | 44 |
| BPTB (10 mm) autograft and allograft11 | 2,977 | 455 (autograft) 620 (allograft) |
32 (autograft) 35 (allograft) |
| Quadrupled hamstring autograft and allograft12 | 4,090 | 776 | 53 |
| Quadriceps tendon (10-mm) autograft13 | 2,174 | 463 | 62 |
| Achilles tendon14 | 4,617 | 685 | 67 |
| Tibialis anterior allograft14 | 4,122 | 460 | 48 |
| Tibialis posterior allograft14 | 3,594 | 379 | 44 |
ACL, anterior cruciate ligament; BPTB, bone–patellar tendon–bone.