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. 2017 Sep 29;7:12426. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10962-2

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The soluble factors from hAMSC decrease the release of NETs. Murine neutrophils isolated from bone marrow were stimulated with LPS to induce the release of NETs and were incubated with CM from hAMSC. Fluorescence micrographs of unstimulated neutrophils (upper-left panel), LPS-stimulated neutrophils (upper-right panel, LPS) and LPS-neutrophils cultured with the CM from hAMSC (lower-left panel, CM-hAMSC). LPS-stimulated neutrophils liberated extracellular traps formed by elastase and DNA (white arrows). The neutrophils in contact with the soluble factors from hAMSC (CM-hAMSC) decrease the liberation of NETs. Scale bar represents 20 μm. These are representative images from three independent assays (A). Graphic represents the percentage of NETs releasing cells. The area of NETs was quantified with the Image J program from five random fields in each condition. Bars represent the mean percentage of NETs releasing cells ± SD (n = 3), *p < 0.05 (LPS vs. CM-hAMSC; unstimulated vs. CM-hAMSC); ***p < 0.001 (unstimulated vs. LPS) (B).