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. 2017 Sep 25;8:1181. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01181

Table 3.

Overview of the current phase III clinical trials in Ab-based drugs.

Drug Target antigen Ab Type Phase Cancer type Sponsor
1 Bevacizumab (with or w/o Vorinostat, Temozolomide, radiation) VEGF-A humanized monoclonal Ab Ph II, Ph III High-Grade Glioma National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA
2 Bevacizumab (with or w/o Lomustine) VEGF-A humanized monoclonal Ab Ph III Recurrent glioblastoma European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer—EORTC
3 Bevacizumab (combined with or w/o Temozolomide and radiation) VEGF-A Humanized monoclonal Ab Ph III Glioblastoma National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA
4 Nivolumab (with or w/o Bevacizumab and Ipilimumab)

  1. PD-1

  2. VEGF-A

  3. CTLA-4

  1. Human monoclonal Ab

  2. Humanized monoclonal Ab

  3. Human monoclonal Ab

 Ph III Recurrent Glioblastoma Bristol-Myers Squibb
5 Nivolumab (with or w/o Temozolomide, Radiation) PD-1 Human monoclonal Ab Ph III Glioblastoma Bristol-Myers Squibb

Currently, the most commonly targeted antigen in glioma by Ab-based drugs is VEGF-A, followed by programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4). All biological treatments include chemo- and/or radio-therapy or the use of other biologicals.