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. 2017 Sep 25;8:1185. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01185

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Copyright © 2017 Pocock, Storisteanu, Reeves, Juss, Wills, Cowburn and Chilvers.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-exposed neutrophil secretome is high in IL-8. (A) MesoScale assay plate with three representative images, with each spot from three 10-plex wells representing one cytokine. The surrounding rings are imaging artifacts. (B) Results from MesoScale assay of mock and HCMV-infected (strain Merlin and AD169) neutrophil supernatants identified significant upregulation of IL-8, IL-6, TNFα, MIP-1α, IL-13, and IL-10 and downregulation of (C) MDC and IL-16 (MOI 3, n = 5). (D) IL-8 levels were measured in supernatants from mock- or HCMV-infected neutrophils at 20 h by ELISA (MOI 3, n = 5). (E) Following incubation with neutralizing antibodies against IL-8, supernatants were added to neutrophils and (F) apoptosis by morphology determined at 20 h, shown relative to control cells (MOI 3, n = 2–4). Data represent mean ± SE. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.