Table 4.

Effects of herbal medicines or their active components on Toxoplasma gondii.

Active ingredients	Dosage	Effect	References
Artemisinin	0.4 μg/mL (5 days) 1.3 μg/mL (14 days)	Inhibit plaque formation in vitro Eliminate all parasites in vitro	Ke et al., 1990
Ginkgolic acids	167.1 μg/ml	No visible parasites in HFF cells after 48 h of exposure to ginkgolic acids (isolated from the Ginkgo biloba sarcotesta)	Chen R. et al., 2008
Inontus obliquus polysaccharide	3 mg/10 g/d	Decreased testicular spermatogenic cell pathology damage caused by Toxoplasma infection	Liu Y. et al., 2010
Radix glycyrrhizae	5 g/Kg	While combined with sulfachloropyrazine-sodium (SPZ), the survival rate of mice was up to 50%	Jiang W. et al., 2013
Oxymatrine, matrine	100 mg/Kg	Decreased the number of tachyzoite (45.2 and 53.8%) and increased survival rate of mice to 67%	Zhang X. et al., 2016