Table 5.
Lipids and blood pressure.
| Outcome | References | Intervention | Baseline PCOS: Mean ± SD | Baseline Non-PCOS: Mean ± SD | p-Value * | Post-intervention PCOS: Mean ± SD | Post-intervention Non-PCOS: Mean ± SD | p-Value * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | Toscani 2011 [39] | High protein diet | 4.60 ± 1.15 | 4.24 ± 0.71 | NR | 4.32 ± 1.12 | 4.19 ± 0.82 | NR |
| Toscani 2011 [39] | Normal protein diet | 4.31 ± 1.04 | 4.05 ± 1.13 | NR | 4.02 ± 0.82 | 3.86 ± 1.36 | NR | |
| Panidis 2014 [35] | Hypocaloric diet + AO drug (Orlistat) + moderate intensity aerobic training | 5.04 ± 1.00 | 5.48 ± 0.93 | NS | 4.52 ± 0.82 | 4.55 ± 0.87 | <0.001 | |
| Hutchison 2011 [31] | Intensified exercise training | 5.0 ± 0.3 ! | 4.7 ± 0.2 ! | 0.81 | 4.4 ± 0.2 ! | 4.8 ± 0.4 ! | NR | |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | Toscani 2011 [39] | High protein diet | 3.91 ± 1.09 | 3.66 ± 0.61 | NR | 3.78 ± 1.1 | 3.54 ± 0.76 | NR |
| Toscani 2011 [39] | Normal protein diet | 3.62 ± 0.95 | 3.30 ± 1.11 | NR | 3.33 ± 0.75 | 3.13 ± 1.34 | NR | |
| Panidis 2014 [35] | Hypocaloric diet + AO drug (Orlistat) + moderate intensity aerobic training | 3.30 ± 0.90 | 3.65 ± 0.68 | NS | 2.87 ± 0.84 | 2.98 ± 0.47 | 0.001 | |
| Hutchison 2011 [31] | Intensified exercise training | 3.3 ± 0.2 ! | 3.0 ± 0.2 ! | 0.48 | 3 ± 0.2 ! | 3.1 ± 0.4 ! | NR | |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | Toscani 2011 [39] | High protein diet | 1.30 ± 0.19 | 1.35 ± 0.38 | NR | 1.27 ± 0.2 | 1.34 ± 0.39 | NR |
| Toscani 2011 [39] | Normal protein diet | 1.19 ± 0.32 | 1.39 ± 0.26 | NR | 1.18 ± 0.32 | 1.5 ± 0.25 | NR | |
| Panidis 2014 [35] | Hypocaloric diet + AO drug (Orlistat) + moderate intensity aerobic exercise | 1.20 ± 0.22 | 1.32 ± 0.31 | NS | 1.21 ± 0.23 | 1.21 ± 0.26 | 0.006 | |
| Hutchison 2011 [31] | Intensified exercise training | 1.0 ± 0.1 ! | 1.2 ± 0.1 ! | 0.04 | 1 ± 0.1 ! | 1.2 ± 0.1 ! | NR | |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | Toscani 2011 [39] | High protein diet | 0.86 (0.47–1.47) ^ | 0.68 (0.47–0.76) ^ | NR | 0.55 (0.49–0.71) ^ | 0.92 (0.55–1.02) ^ | NR |
| Toscani 2011 [39] | Normal protein diet | 0.97 (0.67–1.30) ^ | 0.71 (0.41–1.62) ^ | NR | 0.94 (0.81–1.15) ^ | 0.88 (0.64–1.21) ^ | NR | |
| Panidis 2014 [35] | Hypocaloric diet + AO drug (Orlistat) + moderate intensity aerobic training | 1.17 ± 0.56 | 1.28 ± 0.62 | NS | 0.99 ± 0.44 | 0.87 ± 0.25 | NS | |
| Hutchison 2011 [31] | Intensified exercise training | 1.4 ± 0.2 ! | 1.2 ± 0.2 ! | 0.46 | 0.9 ± 0.1 ! | 1.3 ± 0.1 ! | NR | |
| BP systolic (mmHg) | Toscani 2011 [39] | High protein diet | 125.7 ± 19.0 | 116.1 ± 10.41 | NR | 126 ± 23.1 | 117.85 ± 10.18 | NR |
| Toscani 2011 [39] | Normal protein diet | 119.1 ± 16.4 | 116.43 ± 10.3 | NR | 119.36 ± 15.38 | 110.71 ± 7.32 | NR | |
| Harrison 2012 [32] | Intensified exercise training | 108 ± 14.6 ! | 118 ± 16.7 ! | NS | 109 ± 10.4 ! | 116 ± 16.2 ! | NR | |
| BP diastolic (mmHg) | Toscani 2011 [39] | High protein diet | 77.9 ± 10.75 | 74.6 ± 8.46 | NR | 80 ± 11.2 | 74 ± 8.83 | NR |
| Toscani 2011 [39] | Normal protein diet | 78 ± 11.83 | 75.14 ± 9.6 | NR | 77.82 ± 12.02 | 72.57 ± 7.72 | NR | |
| Harrison 2012 [32] | Intensified exercise training | 72 ± 10.2 ! | 75 ± 8.8 ! | NS | 69 ± 7.4 ! | 73 ± 10.5 ! | NR |
* Between-group difference; ! mean ± SEM; ^ median (IQ range); AO, anti-obesity; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NR, not reported; NS, not significant; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome.