Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the participants in the study.
| Variables | NP | HP | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 12 | n = 11 | ||
| Age, years | 63.0 ± 8.6 | 63.4 ± 7.6 | 0.895 |
| Anthropometrics | |||
| Weight, kg | 69.0 ± 17.1 | 67.6 ± 15.6 | 0.840 |
| Height, m | 1.56 ± 0.08 | 1.55 ± 0.06 | 0.824 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.4 ± 6.0 | 28.1 ± 5.5 | 0.894 |
| Body Composition | |||
| Total lean mass, kg | 37.6 ± 6.2 | 37.1 ± 6.2 | 0.857 |
| Leg lean mass, kg | 12.7 ± 2.6 | 12.7 ± 2.9 | 0.969 |
| MMI, kg/m2 | 6.9 ± 0.9 | 6.9 ± 1.2 | 0.934 |
| Total fat mass, kg * | 24.5 (20.5–33.5) | 27.7 (20.6–34.2) | 0.786 |
| Total fat mass, % | 40.7 ± 7.0 | 40.9 ± 4.7 | 0.938 |
| Trunk fat mass, kg * | 13.2 (11.2–19.6) | 13.6 (11.6–18.2) | 0.740 |
| Strength | |||
| Bench press 1-RM (kg) | 33.0 ± 4.9 | 32.2 ± 6.3 | 0.900 |
| Leg extension 1-RM (kg) | 71.1 ± 15.8 | 75.3 ± 14.8 | 0.518 |
| Biochemical parameters | |||
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.78 ± 0.16 | 0.80 ± 0.18 | 0.768 |
| Urea, mg/dL * | 27.7 (24.4–35.8) | 34.1 (30.3–36.0) | 0.104 |
| Energy expenditure | |||
| REE, kcal | 1582 ± 566 | 1394 ± 291 | 0.324 |
| TEE, kcal | 2127 ± 750 | 1881 ± 388 | 0.332 |
Notes: BMI: body mass index; MMI: muscle mass index, was calculated by lean mass (kg) divided by height squared; REE: rest energy expenditure; TEE: total energy expenditure; *: data with non-normal distribution. Independent t-test or Mann-Whitney; mean ± SD or median (interquartile range).