Table 1.
Characteristics, prognostic factors, outcomes and QUIPS assessments for included studies
| Prognostic factors stated in text | QUIPS score per domain | |||||||||||||
| Study | Specific outcomes | N | Follow-up | Demographics/anthropometrics | Neuromuscular | Anatomical | Physiological | Training load/recovery | Participation | Attrition | Prognostic factors | Outcome measurement | Confounding measurement | Statistical reporting |
| Arnason et al30 | Hamstring strains, groin strains, ankle sprains, knee sprains | 306 males |
1 season | Age, height, weight, BMI, body comp, PMH | Maximal average squat power, standing jump, CMJ | Flexibility | – | Match exposure, training: match ratio. | ||||||
| Bengtsson et al31 | Hamstring injuries, quadriceps injuries, adductor injuries and calf injuries | Unknown | 1–11 seasons | – | – | – | – | Recovery time between matches | ||||||
| Carling et al32 | Hamstring strains, quadriceps strains, groin strains, calf strains, ankle sprains, knee sprains | 35 males | 6 seasons | – | – | – | – | No. of matches in 3/4 day cycle | ||||||
| Faude et al33 | Ankle sprains, knee sprains, ACL tears | 143 females |
1 season | Age, height, weight BMI, limb dominance, playing position, PMH |
– | – | – | Training time, match time | ||||||
| Fousekis et al34 | Hamstring injuries, quadriceps injuries | 100 males |
10 months | Age, height, weight, PMH | Ankle isokinetic strength, knee isokinetic strength, functional knee strength ratio, stabilometry | Mid thigh girth, lower limb length, knee joint stability, ankle flexibility, hamstring and quadriceps flexibility | – | – | ||||||
| Fousekis et al35 | Ankle sprains | 100 males | 10 months | Age, height, weight, PMH, limb dominance | Ankle isokinetic strength, stabilometry | Tibia length, lower limb length, ankle joint stability, ankle flexibility |
– | – | ||||||
| Hagglund et al36 | Ankle sprains, groin injuries, knee joint trauma | 197 males | 2 seasons | Age, height, weight, BMI, PMH | – | – | – | – | ||||||
| Hagglund et al37 | Hamstring injuries, quadriceps injuries, adductor injuries, calf injuries | 1401 males | 9 seasons | Age, height, weight, PMH, limb dominance, playing position | – | – | – | Training/match exposure, Match venue/type, Period in season, Climate |
||||||
| Hagglund et al38 | Patella tendinopathy | 2379 males | 4.3 seasons | Age, height, weight, playing position | – | – | – | Total exposure, Training/match exposure, Period in season, Team home playing surface |
||||||
| Henderson et al39 | Hamstring injuries | 36 males | 1 season | Age, height, weight, lean mass | Knee isokinetic strength, NCMJ jump, CMJ |
Active hip flexion ROM (dominant side) | Yo-yo endurance test | – | ||||||
| Nilstad et al40 | Thigh injuries, knee injuries, ankle injuries, lower leg and foot injuries | 173 females | 1 season | Age, height, weight, BMI, PMH, seasons at elite level | Knee isokinetic strength, leg press, hip abductor strength, knee valgus during drop jump landing, SEBT | Knee joint stability, hypermobility, foot pronation | – | Training/match exposure | ||||||
| Timmins et al43 | Hamstring injuries | 152 males | 1 season | Age, height, weight, PMH | Eccentric hamstring strength/imbalance, MVIC strength/MVIC imbalance | US passive fascicle length, passive fascicle length relative to BFlh length, 25% MVIC length, passive fascicle length imbalance, 25% MVIC fascicle length imbalance, passive muscle thickness, 25% MVIC muscle thickness | – | – | ||||||
| Waldén et al41 | Knee injuries, traumatic knee injuries, overuse knee injuries | 310 males | 1 season | Age, height, weight, PMH, limb dominance, playing position | – | – | – | Training/match exposure | ||||||
| Van Dyk et al42 | Hamstring injuries | 614 males | 4 seasons | – | Knee isokinetic strength, mixed hamstring/quadriceps ratios | – | – | – | ||||||
BMI, body mass index; PMH, previous medical history; CMJ, countermovement jump; NCMJ, non-countermovement jump; QUIPS, Quality in Prognostic Studies; SEBT, Star Excursion Balance Test; MVIC, maximum voluntary isometric contraction; US, ultrasound;BFlh, biceps femoris long head.
▪ Low risk of bias; ▪ moderate risk of bias; ▪ high risk of bias.