Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with stroke according to thiazide use after propensity score matching
| Thiazide use | p Value | ||
| Yes (n=3735) | No (n=3735) | ||
| Demographic factors | |||
| Age (years) | 0.280 | ||
| <60 | 862 (23.1%) | 811 (21.7%) | |
| 60–79 | 2211 (59.2%) | 2274 (60.9%) | |
| ≥80 | 662 (17.7%) | 650 (17.4%) | |
| Sex | 0.374 | ||
| Male | 2171 (58.1%) | 2133 (57.1%) | |
| Female | 1564 (41.9%) | 1602 (42.9%) | |
| Socioeconomic factors | |||
| Income level (NTD) | 0.267 | ||
| Financially dependent | 1110 (29.7%) | 1120 (30.0%) | |
| 1–19 999 | 1953 (52.3%) | 1910 (51.1%) | |
| 20 000–39 999 | 455 (12.2%) | 448 (12.0%) | |
| ≥40 000 | 217 (5.8%) | 257 (6.9%) | |
| Urbanisation level | 0.658 | ||
| 1 (most urbanised) | 908 (24.3%) | 953 (25.5%) | |
| 2 | 1024 (27.4%) | 988 (26.5%) | |
| 3 | 685 (18.3%) | 691 (18.5%) | |
| 4 | 636 (17.0%) | 610 (16.3%) | |
| 5 (least urbanised) | 482 (12.9%) | 493 (13.2%) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 2.84±1.83 | 2.83±1.86 | 0.822 |
| Hypertension | 3319 (88.9%) | 3331 (89.2%) | 0.657 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1612 (43.2%) | 1598 (42.8%) | 0.744 |
| Congestive heart failure | 384 (10.3%) | 394 (10.5%) | 0.705 |
| COPD | 736 (19.7%) | 731 (19.6%) | 0.884 |
| Chronic liver disease | 347 (9.3%) | 332 (8.9%) | 0.546 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 351 (9.4%) | 364 (9.7%) | 0.609 |
| Malignancy | 197 (5.3%) | 206 (5.5%) | 0.645 |
| Osteoporosis | 218 (5.8%) | 214 (5.7%) | 0.843 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 40 (1.1%) | 34 (0.9%) | 0.483 |
| Parkinsonism | 126 (3.4%) | 128 (3.4%) | 0.898 |
| Dementia | 195 (5.2%) | 207 (5.5%) | 0.538 |
| Depression | 170 (4.6%) | 173 (4.6%) | 0.868 |
| Epilepsy | 51 (1.4%) | 43 (1.2%) | 0.406 |
| Stroke severity proxies | |||
| SSI score | 5.78±3.70 | 5.78±3.66 | 0.954 |
| ICU | 408 (10.9%) | 405 (10.8%) | 0.911 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 87 (2.3%) | 97 (2.6%) | 0.455 |
| Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 631 (16.9%) | 588 (15.7%) | 0.178 |
| Aphasia | 58 (1.6%) | 57 (1.5%) | 0.925 |
| Neurosurgery | 13 (0.3%) | 14 (0.4%) | 0.847 |
| Use of medication | |||
| Antihypertensive drugs other than thiazides | |||
| ACEI, ARB | 1543 (41.3%) | 1539 (41.2%) | 0.925 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 1720 (46.1%) | 1754 (47.0) | 0.430 |
| β-blockers | 1128 (30.2%) | 1158 (31.0) | 0.451 |
| Loop diuretics | 318 (8.5%) | 325 (8.7%) | 0.773 |
| Aldosterone receptor antagonists | 84 (2.2%) | 89 (2.4%) | 0.701 |
| Anxiolytics, antipsychotics, sedatives or antidepressants | 1164 (31.2%) | 1184 (31.7%) | 0.618 |
| Systemic corticosteroids | 225 (6.0%) | 238 (6.4%) | 0.533 |
| Osteoporosis medication | 130 (3.5%) | 130 (3.5%) | 1.000 |
Continuous data expressed as mean±SD and categorical data expressed as number (%).
ACEI, ACE inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU, intensive care unit; NTD, New Taiwan dollars; SSI, Stroke Severity Index.