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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Atten Disord. 2017 Apr 19;22(9 Suppl):38S–48S. doi: 10.1177/1087054717700977

Table 2.

Peers, Norms, and Social Forces, Stratified By ADHD/LNCG Status and SU/A Group

Peers, Norms, and Social Forces
Overall
Model
ADHD
vs
LNCG
SU/A
Group
Abstainers Desisters Persisters

Mean
(SD)
Mean
(SD)
Mean
(SD)
df F
(p)
F
(p)
F
(p)
# of Positive Role Models with Positive SU/A Impact 3, 56 5.2 (0.003) 14.8 (0.001) 0.3 (0.70)
  ADHD 1.1 (1.2)a 1.1 (0.9)a 1.7 (1.2)a
  LNCG 2.1 (0.7)b 1.9 (0.9)b 2.3 (1.6)b
# of Negative Role Models with Positive SU/A Impact 3, 56 1.2 (0.33) 1.6 (0.21) 0.9 (0.43)
  ADHD 0.8 (1.1) 0.8 (1.3) 0.3 (1.0)
  LNCG 1.2 (1.2) 0.6 (1.6) 1.0 (1.4)
# of Negative Role Models with Negative SU/A Impact 3, 36 2.6(0.037) 6.1 (0.016) 1.7 (0.19)
  ADHD NA 0.2 (0.3) 0.3 (0.3)
  LNCG NA 0.0 (0.0) 0.0 (0.0)
# Peers Who Tried to Help Me Quit 3, 36 3.9 (0.016) 4.4 (0.043) 0.1 (0.77)
  ADHD NA 1.2 (1.1) 0.4 (0.5)a
  LNCG NA 1.0 (1.2) 2.0 (1.3)b
# Supportive People in life 3, 56 9.49 (<.0001) 16.43 (0.0002) 6.03 (0.004)
  ADHD 3.8 (1.4) 3.5 (1.6) 2.1 (1.1)b
  LNCG 5.3 (1.1)a 4.8 (1.8)a 3.9 (1.8)

Different alphabetic characters in superscripts (e.g, a, b) within each 3 × 2 comparison denote significant differences (with p’s values ranging from <.05 to .001 marked in bold) in post-hoc pairwise contrasts. Cells with any superscript in common do not differ from each other. Means with no superscripts do not differ from