Table 4.
Study characteristics of selected experimental controlled animal studies on low-level laser irradiation effects on oxidative stress.
| Authors | Wavelength (nm) |
Energy density (J/cm2) | Energy (J) |
Power density (W or mW/cm2) |
Spot size (cm2) | Irradiation time per point (sec) |
Duration of treatments (days) | Treatment frequency (days) | Laser frequency (Hz) |
Power (mW or W) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guaraldo et al. [5] | 808 | 144 | 4 | 1.071 | 0.028 | 40 | — | 6 weeks | — | 100 W |
| Ribeiro et al. [2] | 780/660 | 10 | 3.2 | 1 | — | 10 | 7 | 1, 3, and 7 after the induction of injury | — | 40 mW |
| Oliveira Silva et al. [15] | 808 | 107 | — | 1027 | 0,028 | 100 | 3 | Consecutive days | — | 30 mW |
| Silveira et al. [3] | 904 | 5 | 2.5 | 400 | 0.10 | 12.5 | 5 | 2, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours after the trauma | 9.500 | 40 mW (peak power 70 W) |
| Assis et al. [6] | 808 | 180 | 1.4 | 3.8 | 0.00785 | 47 | 4 | Consecutive days | — | 30 mW |
| Davila et al. [17] | 632.8/904 | 9.5 | — | — | — | 60/47 | 10 | Consecutive days | — | 5/12 mW |
| Servetto et al. [14] | 632.8/904 | 9.5 | — | — | — | 60/47 | 7 | Consecutive days | — | 5/12 mW |
| Rizzi et al. [1] | 904 | 5 J | — | — | — | 35 | 7 or 14 | Daily | — | 45 mW |