Figure 2.

Mitochondrial and global methylation associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy in placenta . Median methylation % was measured for each pyrosequencing assay from placenta of mothers comparing NS ( n  = 37), 1T smokers ( n  = 23) and FT pregnancy smokers ( n  = 36). Mitochondrial LDLR1 showed significantly increased methylation in full pregnancy smokers ( P = 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis, NS to FT P = 0.001, Dunn’s post hoc) ( A ). HDLR1 ( B ) showed no differences in methylation among the smoking groups ( P  = 0.66). Horizontal lines represent the median. Global methylation measured via LINE-1 (C) showed no differences between the groups ( P = 0.87). Horizontal lines represent the mean (LINE-1)