Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2017 Oct 2;7:12555. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12867-6

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Disassembly of the Golgi apparatus inhibits entosis in A431 cell monolayer. (a) Fluorescence micrographs of cells stained with anti-p58K antibodies and DAPI demonstrate localization of the Golgi apparatus in untreated (i, i’) and brefeldin A-treated (ii, ii’) non-entotic and entotic cells. i, Golgi is located near the nucleus; i’, redistribution of the Golgi apparatus during entosis: Golgi is localized around the entotic vacuole (EV) in outer cell (OC) (stage II). Panels ii, ii’ show disassembly of the Golgi apparatus in non-entotic and entotic cells after brefeldin A treatment. (b) Time-course changes in the frequency of entosis: blue column, 48 h incubation with cytochalasin B followed by a recovery for 5.5, 15, 19 and 24 h; red column, 48 h incubation with cytochalasin B followed by a recovery for 15 min and treatment with brefeldin A for 5.5, 15, 19 and 24 h. Note a gradual increase in cell-in-cell structures after cytochalasin B recovery whereas an additional brefeldin A treatment caused a complete inhibition of entosis. Results are shown as means ± SD. n = 1,000 cells were counted per each of three independent experiments. (c) Correlative light and electron microscopy of cell-in-cell structure 5.5 h after brefeldin A treatment. Shown are representative phase-contrast micrograph, DAPI staining, and scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of the same cell-in-cell structure. The inner cell (IC) is covered by the plasma membrane of OC. Red arrow, IC; blue arrows, two nuclei of the entotic cell; dashed red arrow, protuberances of OC plasma membrane. Right panel shows the pattern of lysosome staining with LysoTracker (orange) of IC and OC 8 h after brefeldin A treatment. PM of OC, plasma membrane of outer cell. (d) Scanning electron micrographs of cells 8 h (left) and 19 h (right) after brefeldin A treatment. Green arrows point to the cell spreading over the apical surface of the substrate-attached cell (left) and to the round-shaped cell located at the crater-like (Cr) deformation of the substrate-attached cell plasma membrane (right). Note, that the plasma membrane of substrate-attached cell doesn’t cover such “invading” cell (“Iv”C). Blue arrows, substrate-attached cells.