Table 2.
Bivariate predictors of total household cost for the management of malaria episodes resulting in hospitalization in Malawi, 2012 (N = 80)
| n | Mean | Median | IQR | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total costs | 80 | $17.48 | $9.78 | $3.66 | $23.56 | |
| Facility ownership | ||||||
| CHAM | 34 | $23.43 | $17.00 | $7.97 | $28.74 | 0.06 |
| MOHr | 46 | $13.09 | $6.59 | $2.08 | $14.99 | |
| Facility type | ||||||
| District hospital | 36 | $13.32 | $6.39 | $2.01 | $13.09 | < 0.01 |
| Rural/community/other | 11 | $13.50 | $9.30 | $4.51 | $17.61 | |
| Cost by age (years) | ||||||
| <5 | 31 | $9.74 | $7.15 | $2.09 | $13.32 | < 0.01 |
| ≥5r | 46 | $22.86 | $14.23 | $4.94 | $33.57 | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 37 | $13.08 | $7.35 | $2.03 | $16.27 | 0.12 |
| Femaler | 43 | $21.27 | $13.05 | $6.16 | $27.71 | |
| Wealth tertile | ||||||
| Least poor | 26 | $28.47 | $17.00 | $6.49 | $42.62 | < 0.01 |
| Middle | 26 | $9.82 | $7.58 | $2.13 | $13.34 | |
| Poorestr | 28 | $14.39 | $8.05 | $2.20 | $23.56 | |
| Duration of hospital stay | ||||||
| Long (≥ 2 days) | 26 | $24.53 | $19.38 | $12.67 | $30.47 | 0.16 |
| Short (< 2 days)r | 16 | $14.76 | $6.39 | $6.98 | $14.23 | |
| Sought care prior | ||||||
| Yes | 60 | $19.00 | $9.39 | $3.29 | $17.00 | 0.02 |
| Nor | 20 | $12.94 | $9.78 | $3.66 | $26.46 | |
| Distance from home to HF (km) | ||||||
| < 5 | 36 | $15.78 | $8.05 | $3.29 | $17.00 | 0.54 |
| ≥ 5r | 44 | $18.88 | $13.01 | $3.66 | $26.46 | |
| Residence | ||||||
| Rural | 75 | $15.27 | $8.60 | $3.02 | $19.47 | < 0.01 |
| Urban/small townr | 5 | $50.68 | $26.57 | $22.04 | $63.10 | |
MoH Ministry of Health, CHAM Christian Health Association of Malawi, HF health facility
rReference