Table 1. Baseline characteristics among patients with colorectal cancer by quintile of post-diagnosis dietary insulin score.
|
Dietary insulin load |
Dietary insulin index |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 | Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 |
| No. of patients | 401 | 404 | 400 | 402 | 399 | 400 | 401 | 402 | 402 | 401 |
| Age at diagnosis, years, mean (s.d.) | 66.9 (9.9) | 67.1 (9.7) | 66.4 (10.0) | 66.7 (9.2) | 68.8 (8.7) | 66.7 (10.3) | 67.0 (9.5) | 66.2 (10.1) | 67.5 (8.9) | 68.6 (8.8) |
| Sex, No. (%) | ||||||||||
| Female | 262 (65.3) | 266 (65.8) | 262 (65.5) | 264 (65.7) | 260 (65.2) | 261 (65.3) | 264 (65.8) | 263 (65.4) | 263 (65.4) | 263 (65.6) |
| Male | 139 (34.7) | 138 (34.2) | 138 (34.5) | 138 (34.3) | 139 (34.8) | 139 (34.8) | 137 (34.2) | 139 (34.6) | 139 (34.6) | 138 (34.4) |
| Race, No. (%) | ||||||||||
| White | 385 (96.0) | 392 (97.0) | 382 (95.5) | 385 (95.8) | 381 (95.5) | 384 (96.0) | 389 (97.0) | 385 (95.8) | 386 (96.0) | 381 (95.0) |
| Black | 4 (1.0) | 3 (0.7) | 9 (2.3) | 4 (1.0) | 3 (0.8) | 4 (1.0) | 3 (0.7) | 7 (1.7) | 5 (1.2) | 4 (1.0) |
| Other | 2 (0.5) | 4 (1.0) | 6 (1.5) | 4 (1.0) | 7 (1.8) | 2 (0.5) | 4 (1.0) | 7 (1.7) | 3 (0.7) | 7 (1.7) |
| Unknown | 10 (2.5) | 5 (1.2) | 3 (0.8) | 9 (2.2) | 8 (2.0) | 10 (2.5) | 5 (1.2) | 3 (0.7) | 8 (2.0) | 9 (2.2) |
| Current smoker, No. (%) | 47 (11.7) | 38 (9.4) | 23 (5.8) | 18 (4.5) | 15 (3.8) | 47 (11.8) | 35 (8.7) | 25 (6.2) | 18 (4.5) | 16 (4.0) |
| Body mass index, kg m−2, mean (s.d.)a | 25.8 (4.3) | 25.6 (4.5) | 25.8 (4.7) | 25.8 (4.5) | 25.5 (4.6) | 25.9 (4.3) | 25.7 (4.5) | 25.7 (4.8) | 25.8 (4.5) | 25.4 (4.5) |
| Physical activity, MET-h per week, median (range)a | 11.2 (0–221.9) | 10.1 (0–145.9) | 10.9 (0–172.0) | 9.6 (0–168.4) | 9.8 (0–125.0) | 11.2 (0–221.9) | 10.2 (0–145.9) | 10.4 (0–172.0) | 10.1 (0–168.4) | 9.7 (0–125.0) |
| Alcohol intake, g d−1, median (range) | 14.0 (0–88.5) | 3.1 (0–76.8) | 1.8 (0–65.0) | 0.9 (0–41.4) | 0 (0–47.0) | 14.3 (0–88.5) | 3.3 (0–63.9) | 1.8 (0–65.0) | 0.9 (0–41.4) | 0 (0–47.0) |
| Vitamin D intake, IU d−1, energy-adjusted, median (range) | 488 (15–3179) | 400 (29–2955) | 444 (14–2635) | 425 (29–2543) | 523 (21–2436) | 490 (15–3179) | 398 (14–2955) | 416 (29–2635) | 446 (29–2543) | 517 (21–2436) |
| Carbohydrate intake, g d−1, energy-adjusted, median (range) | 182 (49–317) | 206 (116–339) | 222 (143–352) | 232 (146–335) | 259 (194–394) | 181 (49–317) | 204 (111–349) | 222 (143–352) | 232 (146–348) | 258 (172–394) |
| Protein intake, g d−1, energy-adjusted, median (range) | 74 (36–141) | 76 (31–135) | 74 (35–129) | 73 (41–133) | 70 (27–129) | 74 (36–141) | 75 (43–135) | 74 (31–129) | 72 (43–133) | 69 (27–129) |
| Total fat intake, g d−1, energy-adjusted, median (range) | 66 (24–140) | 63 (18–108) | 59 (31–98) | 55 (26–94) | 47 (23–85) | 66 (24–140) | 63 (18–108) | 59 (31–98) | 56 (26–94) | 47 (23–85) |
| Energy intake, kcal d−1, median (range) | 1716 (601–4004) | 1705 (660–3993) | 1749 (627–3838) | 1729 (611–3761) | 1655 (611–4194) | 1713 (601–4004) | 1722 (660–3993) | 1747 (627–3838) | 1722 (628–3770) | 1649 (611–4194) |
| Stage, No. (%) | ||||||||||
| I | 142 (35.4) | 134 (33.2) | 109 (27.3) | 132 (32.8) | 119 (29.8) | 141 (35.3) | 139 (34.7) | 111 (27.6) | 126 (31.3) | 119 (29.7) |
| II | 111 (27.7) | 103 (25.5) | 118 (29.5) | 122 (30.3) | 114 (28.6) | 109 (27.3) | 103 (25.7) | 116 (28.9) | 128 (31.8) | 112 (27.9) |
| III | 85 (21.2) | 92 (22.8) | 103 (25.8) | 84 (20.9) | 91 (22.8) | 89 (22.3) | 85 (21.2) | 103 (25.6) | 83 (20.6) | 95 (23.7) |
| IV | 22 (5.5) | 28 (6.9) | 22 (5.5) | 22 (5.5) | 24 (6.0) | 22 (5.5) | 27 (6.7) | 24 (6.0) | 23 (5.7) | 22 (5.5) |
| Unknown | 41 (10.2) | 47 (11.6) | 48 (12.0) | 42 (10.4) | 51 (12.8) | 39 (9.8) | 47 (11.7) | 48 (11.9) | 42 (10.4) | 53 (13.2) |
| Grade of tumour differentiation, No. (%) | ||||||||||
| Well | 167 (41.6) | 175 (43.3) | 154 (38.5) | 166 (41.3) | 169 (42.4) | 166 (41.5) | 168 (41.9) | 153 (38.1) | 177 (44.0) | 167 (41.6) |
| Moderate | 133 (33.2) | 114 (28.2) | 130 (32.5) | 130 (32.3) | 129 (32.3) | 130 (32.5) | 117 (29.2) | 140 (34.8) | 116 (28.9) | 133 (33.2) |
| Poor | 81 (20.2) | 97 (24.0) | 94 (23.5) | 88 (21.9) | 84 (21.1) | 84 (21.0) | 98 (24.4) | 87 (21.6) | 92 (22.9) | 83 (20.7) |
| Unknown | 20 (5.0) | 18 (4.5) | 22 (5.5) | 18 (4.5) | 17 (4.3) | 20 (5.0) | 18 (4.5) | 22 (5.5) | 17 (4.2) | 18 (4.5) |
| Location of primary tumour, No. (%) | ||||||||||
| Proximal colon | 70 (17.5) | 57 (14.1) | 53 (13.3) | 67 (16.7) | 44 (11.0) | 70 (17.5) | 60 (15.0) | 45 (11.2) | 71 (17.7) | 45 (11.2) |
| Distal colon | 213 (53.1) | 218 (54.0) | 235 (58.8) | 216 (53.7) | 243 (60.9) | 213 (53.3) | 215 (53.6) | 236 (58.7) | 226 (56.2) | 235 (58.6) |
| Rectum | 54 (13.5) | 59 (14.6) | 50 (12.5) | 55 (13.7) | 47 (11.8) | 53 (13.3) | 53 (13.2) | 58 (14.4) | 52 (12.9) | 49 (12.2) |
| Unknown | 64 (16.0) | 70 (17.3) | 62 (15.5) | 64 (15.9) | 65 (16.3) | 64 (16.0) | 73 (18.2) | 63 (15.7) | 53 (13.2) | 72 (18.0) |
Abbreviations: MET=metabolic equivalent; s.d.=standard deviation.
a
Analysis restricted to participants with available information.