Table 3.
Variable | BUA | SOS | QUI | eBMD | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r | P | r | P | r | P | r | P | |
Age | −0.176 | <0.0001 | −0.261 | <0.0001 | −0.232 | <.00001 | −0.225 | <0.0001 |
Upper body strength | 0.287 | <0.0001 | 0.234 | <0.0001 | 0.261 | <0.0001 | 0.259 | <0.0001 |
Lower body strength | 0.288 | <0.0001 | 0.252 | <0.0001 | 0.271 | <0.0001 | 0.273 | <0.0001 |
Vo2max | 0.289 | <0.0001 | 0.242 | <0.0001 | 0.258 | <0.0001 | 0.262 | <0.0001 |
DM duration | −0.129 | 0.010 | −0.070 | 0.162 | −0.100 | 0.047 | −0.092 | 0.068 |
HbA1c | 0.055 | 0.273 | 0.104 | 0.038 | 0.087 | 0.083 | 0.089 | 0.075 |
Glucose | 0.047 | 0.349 | 0.048 | 0.341 | 0.051 | 0.310 | 0.051 | 0.314 |
BMI | 0.194 | <0.0001 | 0.129 | 0.010 | 0.174 | <0.0001 | 0.174 | <0.0001 |
Fat mass | −0.087 | 0.084 | −0.051 | 0.315 | −0.051 | 0.307 | −0.060 | 0.229 |
Fat-free mass | 0.386 | <0.0001 | 0.278 | <0.0001 | 0.328 | <0.0001 | 0.336 | <0.0001 |
Waist circumference | 0.248 | <0.0001 | 0.160 | 0.001 | 0.212 | <0.0001 | 0.217 | <0.0001 |
Triglycerides | 0.162 | 0.001 | 0.094 | 0.060 | 0.133 | 0.008 | 0.137 | 0.006 |
Total cholesterol | −0.053 | 0.292 | −0.019 | 0.713 | −0.027 | 0.597 | −0.028 | 0.578 |
HDL cholesterol | −0.251 | <0.0001 | −0.182 | <0.0001 | −0.217 | <0.0001 | −0.217 | <0.0001 |
LDL cholesterol | −0.003 | 0.947 | 0.026 | 0.600 | 0.019 | 0.704 | 0.017 | 0.736 |
SBP | −0.055 | 0.274 | −0.090 | 0.073 | −0.072 | 0.151 | −0.069 | 0.169 |
DBP | 0.001 | 0.984 | −0.013 | 0.793 | 0.001 | 0.981 | 0.002 | 0.975 |
Carotid IMT | 0.030 | 0.548 | −0.030 | 0.556 | −0.005 | 0.915 | −0.003 | 0.958 |
ABI | 0.084 | 0.093 | 0.107 | 0.034 | 0.097 | 0.052 | 0.093 | 0.063 |
Uric acid | 0.166 | 0.001 | 0.112 | 0.026 | 0.139 | 0.005 | 0.132 | 0.008 |
Plasma nitrogen | −0.056 | 0.263 | −0.078 | 0.122 | −0.085 | 0.088 | −0.072 | 0.150 |
Serum creatinine | 0.077 | 0.126 | 0.092 | 0.069 | 0.086 | 0.088 | 0.088 | 0.082 |
eGFR | 0.070 | 0.161 | 0.103 | 0.041 | 0.102 | 0.041 | 0.096 | 0.057 |
ACR | 0.095 | 0.057 | 0.115 | 0.022 | 0.107 | 0.033 | 0.116 | 0.021 |
PMN distal latency | 0.069 | 0.167 | 0.062 | 0.215 | 0.063 | 0.209 | 0.075 | 0.134 |
PMN amplitude | 0.072 | 0.150 | 0.107 | 0.034 | 0.101 | 0.045 | 0.091 | 0.068 |
PMN conduction velocity | 0.015 | 0.771 | 0.021 | 0.684 | 0.032 | 0.526 | 0.019 | 0.710 |
SSN distal latency | 0.120 | 0.017 | 0.109 | 0.029 | 0.113 | 0.024 | 0.113 | 0.025 |
SSN amplitude | 0.096 | 0.055 | 0.133 | 0.008 | 0.133 | 0.008 | 0.120 | 0.016 |
SSN conduction velocity | 0.034 | 0.494 | 0.053 | 0.294 | 0.060 | 0.235 | 0.046 | 0.358 |
VPT malleolus | −0.047 | 0.346 | −0.073 | 0.144 | −0.062 | 0.218 | −0.050 | 0.318 |
VPT hallux | −0.045 | 0.365 | −0.071 | 0.156 | −0.061 | 0.221 | −0.050 | 0.319 |
Resting HR | −0.080 | 0.109 | −0.085 | 0.090 | −0.089 | 0.075 | −0.092 | 0.067 |
EI ratio | 0.056 | 0.273 | 0.069 | 0.175 | 0.071 | 0.165 | 0.069 | 0.178 |
CT ratio | 0.099 | 0.052 | 0.123 | 0.015 | 0.119 | 0.019 | 0.123 | 0.015 |
30 : 15ratio | 0.114 | 0.025 | 0.181 | <0.0001 | 0.161 | 0.001 | 0.157 | 0.002 |
Systolic BP fall | 0.031 | 0.546 | −0.011 | 0.822 | 0.005 | 0.914 | 0.004 | 0.938 |
BUA | — | — | 0.850 | <0.0001 | 0.935 | <0.0001 | 0.930 | <0.0001 |
SOS | 0.850 | <0.0001 | — | — | 0.973 | <0.0001 | 0.973 | <0.0001 |
QUI | 0.935 | <0.0001 | 0.973 | <0.0001 | — | — | 0.995 | <0.0001 |
eBMD | 0.930 | <0.0001 | 0.973 | <0.0001 | 0.995 | <0.0001 | — | — |
QUS = quantitative ultrasound; CVD = cardiovascular disease; BUA = broadband ultrasound attenuation; SOS = speed of sound; QUI = quantitative ultrasound index; eBMD = estimated bone mineral density; DM = diabetes mellitus; VO2max = maximal oxygen consumption; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; BMI = body mass index; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; IMT = intima-media thickness; ABI = ankle-brachial index; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACR = albumin : creatinine ratio; PMN peroneal motor nerve; SSN = sural sensory nerve; VPT = vibration perception threshold; HR = heart rate; EI = expiration : inspiration; CT = cough test.