Fig. 3.

Overestimates of racial economic equality in the past, in the present, when thinking of similar Black families (similarity), and when considering racial discrimination in an “alternate United States” (discriminatory USA) for studies 3 and 4. Overestimates were calculated by subtracting actual past or current equality levels based on the CPS from participants’ estimates in each condition. Positive values indicate overestimates of equality, negative values indicate underestimates of equality, and zero indicates perfect agreement with national data (i.e., accuracy).