Table 5. Association between socio-demographic characteristics and clustering of NCD risk factors using logistic regression model (n = 503).
| Variables |
1 risk factor vs. ≥ 2 risk factors | 1 risk factor vs. ≥ 3 risk factors | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UOR a (95% CI) | AOR b (95% CI) | UOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
| Age group | ||||
| 25–34 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 35–44 | 1.64 (0.92–2.91) | 1.39 (0.57–3.36) | 2.24 (1.18–4.22)* | 2.87 (1.15–7.18)* |
| 45–54 | 1.46 (0.7–3.02) | 1.44 (0.66–3.13) | 2.89 (1.34–6.21)* | 2.75 (1.21–6.24)* |
| 55–64 | 1.81 (0.78–4.22) | 1.42 (0.77–2.64) | 3.91 (1.64–9.35)** | 1.78 (0.9–3.52) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Male | 1.79 (1.11–2.87)* | 1.6 (0.89–2.88) | 1.44 (0.86–2.41) | 1.29 (0.67–2.49) |
| Occupation | ||||
| Non-manual | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Manual | 2.32 (1.31–4.12)** | 1.7 (0.83–3.46) | 2.04 (1.12–3.77)* | 1.55 (0.72–3.36) |
| Highest level of education | ||||
| No formal education | 2.02 (1.14–3.58)* | 1.78 (0.93–3.43) | 4.93 (2.41–10.13)** | 4.07 (1.83–9.05)** |
| Below primary level | 1.82 (0.87–3.81) | 1.48 (0.68–3.23) | 3.72 (1.54–8.99)** | 3.22 (1.28–8.14)* |
| Primary education completed | 1.28 (0.59–2.80) | 1.11 (0.49–2.52) | 2.8 (1.11–7.08)* | 2.61 (0.99–6.85) |
| Secondary education and above | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Monthly income (in BDT c) | ||||
| ≤ 7,500 (≤ 95 USD) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 7,501–10,000 (95 to 127 USD) | 0.85 (0.43–1.69) | 0.79 (0.39–1.61) | 0.91 (0.43–1.89) | 1.07 (0.51–2.32) |
| 10,001–15,000 (127 to 191 USD) |
0.48 (0.25–0.92)* | 0.47 (0.24–0.93)* | 0.51 (0.25–1.03) | 0.57 (0.27–1.20) |
| above 15,000 (above 191 USD) | 0.67 (0.35–1.31) | 0.81 (0.40–1.66) | 0.77 (0.38–1.58) | 1.05 (0.48–2.28) |
a UOR: Unadjusted odds ratio
b AOR: Adjusted odds ratio: adjusted for age, sex, occupation, education, and monthly income
c BDT- Bangladeshi Taka
* p<0.05
** p<0.001
Note: those with no NCD risk factors (n = 4) are excluded in the clustering analyses