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Microglial activation after interaction with opsonized or non-opsonized fungal antigens (e.g., glucorunoxylomannan (GXM) and β-glucans). Pattern recognition receptors (TLR-2/4, Dectin-1 and 2, CR-3, CD45, CD86, MHC II, FcγR1, CX3CR1 and CCR2) on the surface of microglial cells or intracellularly (TLR-9) recognize fungal antigens triggering effector signal transduction pathways eventually leading to NF-κB activation and the production of cytokine and chemokine production.
