Table 2.
TAg Type | Pros | Cons | Examples |
---|---|---|---|
A. Products of oncogenic viruses | High immunogenicity (no tolerance) | The target tumors are limited | EBV, HBV, HPV |
B. Developmental or germ cell products | Lower risk of recognizing self- antigens in normal tissue (low tolerance) TAgs can be pharmacologically induced in tumor cells |
Possibility of adverse effects to reproductive organs??? | Tumor-testis antigens (MAGE-A3, NY- ESO1) |
C. Tissue-specific differentiation antigens | High specificity, lower risk of off- target effects | The target tumors are limited, possibility of adverse effects to normal tissues Low immunogenicity (tolerance) |
Melanosomal proteins (gp100, Trp1, Melan- A/Mart-1), prostatic proteins (PSA, PAP) |
D. Products of genetic alterations derived from malignant transformation | High immunogenicity | The identification of neoepitopes in each individual (i.e. expensive and complicated) | a) Overexpressed gene products (HER2/NEU, CEA b) Mutation-derived epitopes (P53, Ras, EGFRvIII, BCR-ABL, point mutations/neoepitopes) |