Table 1.
Baseline characteristics [mean (standard deviation) or number (percent)] of lung cancer case and subcohort subjects
| Characteristic | Case Subjects (n=196) |
Subcohort Subjects (n=395) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 59.5 (5.07) | 56.4 (4.99) | <.0001 |
| Height, cm | 173 (6.46) | 173.8 (6.00) | 0.11 |
| Weight, kg | 75.6 (12.77) | 80.5 (13.17) | <.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.2 (3.71) | 26.6 (3.92) | <.0001 |
| No. of cigarettes per day | 22.9 (9.49) | 20.5 (8.45) | 0.002 |
| Years of smoking | 40.4 (6.91) | 34.8 (8.52) | <.0001 |
| History of Diabetes, % | 6 (3.06) | 17 (4.30) | 0.46 |
| Family history of lung cancer, % | 24 (12.24) | 29 (7.34) | 0.03 |
| Physical activity, % active | 143 (72.96) | 309 (78.23) | 0.16 |
| Energy intake, kcal/d | 2684 (754.24) | 2703 (783.45) | 0.79 |
| Dietary carbohydrate, g/d | 263 (83.51) | 266 (82.91) | 0.61 |
| Dietary protein, g/d | 93.7 (26.2) | 94.9 (26.64) | 0.63 |
| Serum cholesterol, mmol/d | 6.1 (1.05) | 6.4 (1.17) | 0.02 |
| Insulin, μU/mL | 4.7 (3.52) | 5.2 (4.11) | 0.20 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 99.2 (16.19) | 103.4 (23.78) | 0.03 |
| Molar ratio of insulin to glucose | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.58 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.2 (1.02) | 1.4 (1.82) | 0.09 |
*
BMI=body mass index; HOMA-IR=homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (calculated as fasting insulin in microunits per milliliter × fasting glucose in millimoles per liter/22.5).