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. 2017 Oct 3;7:12591. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12638-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fecundity of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera exposed to dsvgr and dsbol at 3^rd instar stage. Fecundity was assessed in adult corn rootworm that were exposed for 24 h to 50 ng μl⁻¹ dsgus, dsvgr, dsbol or water (control) as 3^rd instar larvae. Least square means pairwise comparison P-values: >0.05 (ns; not significant), <0.01**, and <0.001***. (a) Egg production per female per 5-day (mean ± SE; n = 9). Treatment main effect: df = (3, 16); F = 5.28; P = 0.01). Bars followed by the same letters are not significantly different (b) Percent egg hatchability (mean ± SE; n = 9; and 95 to 174 eggs per observation). Treatment main effect: df = (3, 16); F = 26.3; P < 0.0001).