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. 2017 Oct 3;7:12644. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13011-0

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Poliovirus neutralising antibody responses to (a) IPV1, (b) IPV2 and (c) IPV3 following trivalent vaccination. Vaccine doses used were a standard human dose (types 1, 2, and 3–40:8:32 DU), 1/8^th of the human dose (4.7:0.8:4.3 DU) and 1/40^th of the human dose (1.7:0.26:0.7 DU). A positive response is defined as a neutralising titre ≥3.0 log₂ (dotted line). Each symbol represents a single animal, with the line indicating the median titre. *, **, *** and **** indicates a statistically significant difference between dose matched Nanopatch and IM group as assessed by one-way ANOVA (alpha level 0.05) with a Sidak post test of p = <0.05, p = <0.01, p = <0.001 and p = <0.0001, respectively.