DnaE and PolC misincorporations are cumulative and corrected by MutSL. Six isolated colonies of isogenic TrpC− strains encoding a WT or a mutated form of DnaE, PolC or DnaE and PolC, and proficient or deficient for the mismatch repair system, were cultivated in LB and plated to measure the proportion of RifR and Trp+ cells. The relative proportions of mutants are given in the tables. (a) MutSL+ context: WT (JJS9); dnaEM7 (DGRM850), polC25 (DGRM855), polC27 (DGRM857), dnaEM7 polC25 (DGRM860) and dnaEM7 polC27 (DGRM861). (b) MutSL− context: WT (DGRM812); dnaEM7 (DGRM871), polC25 (DGRM873), polC27 (DGRM874), dnaEM7 polC25 (DGRM875) and dnaEM7 polC27 (DGRM876). The proportion of spontaneous mutants in the reference strains are: MutSL+ context: RifR: 3.1 × 10−8 ± 1.6 × 10−8; Trp+: 2.5 × 10−8 ± 1.3 × 10−8: MutSL− context: RifR: 1.8 × 10−6 ± 9.3 × 10−7; Trp+: 6.5 × 10−7 +/- 3.9 × 10−7. Bars represent mean values and standard errors.