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. 2017 Jun 15;2:17. doi: 10.1038/s41541-017-0018-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Antibodies in rabbits immunized with Ty21a-PA-01. Rabbits were vaccinated with 1 × 10⁹ CFU of Ty21a (triangles) or Ty21a-PA-01 (squares) by IP injection at 4-week intervals. Sera collected 2 weeks after dose 4 were assayed for anti-PA IgG by ELISA (a), anthrax toxin neutralization activity (TNA) (b), and anti-S. Typhi LPS IgG by ELISA (c). Filled symbols represent rabbits that were not protected in the spore challenge study and open symbols represent those that were protected (see Fig. 4). Geometric mean of each group is shown as a horizontal line. Anti-PA responses by ELISA and TNA responses, but not anti-S. Typhi LPS responses by ELISA, were significantly higher in the immunized as compared to control rabbits (p = 6.39 × 10⁻⁵, 6.39 × 10⁻⁵, and 0.53, respectively, by Mann–Whitney U Test). The geometric mean OD 1.0 of anti-PA antibodies by ELISA was 47,268 for the seven protected rabbits as compared to 14,107 for the three unprotected rabbits (p = 0.0167, Mann–Whitney U test). Likewise, the geometric mean TNA titer was 1,741 for the protected rabbits and 447 for the unprotected animals (p = 0.0167)