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. 2017 Sep 29;8:762. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00762

Figure 2.

Figure 2

(A) HMGB1 expression was evaluated by western blotting assay in MCs treated with different doses of glucose for 48 h. (upper). MCs were treated with high concentration of glucose (236 mM) for differen time periods and analyzed for expression of HMGB1 protein by western blotting assay (middle). MCs were treated with glucose (236 mM) or mannitol at equimolar concentration for 48 h and intracellular HMGB1 was detected by western blotting assay (lower). (B) Immunofluorescent analysis of HMGB1 expression in MCs. Untreated MCs express HMGB1 in the nucleus, but partly lose HMGB1 nuclear expression, with cytoplasm accumulation after exposure to high glucose (236 mM for 48 h). (C) The levels of HMGB1 in the culture medium under different conditions (ctrl, 236 mM mannitol, and 236 mM glucose) for 48 h were tested by ELISA. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3), *P < 0.05 vs. ctrl; +p < 0.05 vs. mannitol.