Table 1.
Demographic comparison and initial clinical situation of groups (n=60)
| Variables | COPD (n=40) |
Control (n=20) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n (%) | 20 (50%) | 13 (65%) | 0.40 |
| Age, years | 66.95±5.87 | 65.95±4.55 | 0.50 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.65±5.06 | 27.71±5.20 | 0.50 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | 25 (62.5%) | 15 (37.5%) | 0.28 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 12 (30%) | 6 (30%) | 0.76 |
| SAH, n (%) | 22 (55%) | 9 (45%) | 0.64 |
| CHF, n (%) | 7 (17.5%) | 5 (25%) | 0.51 |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 7 (17.5%) | 4 (20%) | 1.00 |
| Retirees, n (%) | 16 (40%) | 12 (60%) | 0.23 |
| FEV1 % of the predicted | 59.05±12.44 | 91.50±12.47 | <0.001 |
| FVC, % of the predicted | 63.12±10.06 | 91.25±15.56 | <0.001 |
| FEF25%–75%, % of the predicted | 46.67±10.49 | 85.95±17.11 | <0.001 |
| Cough, n (%) | 12 (30%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 |
| Expectoration, n (%) | 12 (30%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 |
| Wheezing, n (%) | 21 (52.5%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 |
| Dyspnea, n (%) | 33 (82.5%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 |
Notes: Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or absolute number (frequency). FEV1, FVC and FEF25%–75% are expressed as % of predicted.33
Abbreviations: n, absolute number; BMI, body mass index; SAH, systemic arterial hypertension; CHF, congestive heart failure; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in the first second; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEF25%–75% = forced expiratory flow at the moment between 25% and 75% of the curve, p-value of the t-test or chi-square test.