Fig. 2. BIR1 regulates conidial A-PCD.

(A) Organization of BIR domains (purple) in human Survivin, Candida albicans CaBIR1, Botrytis cinerea BcBIR1, Cryptococcus neoformans CnBIR1, and Aspergillus fumigatus AfBIR1. (B) BIR1 mRNA expression in the indicated strains (white, control strains; dark purple, full-length BIR1^OX strains; light purple, N-terminal BIR1^OX strains) normalized to β-tubulin and gpdH and expressed as the mean relative change. (C to G) Swollen conidia [(C), (E), and (F)] or germlings (D) were exposed to 0 or 5 mM H₂O₂ and analyzed for (C) RFP intensity, (D) caspase activity (0 mM H₂O₂, black lines; 5 mM H₂O₂, blue lines; GMF, geometric mean fluorescence), (E) TUNEL signal, and (F) CFUs. (G) TUNEL signal in H-RFP and BIR1^OX1 swollen conidia after S12 and H₂O₂ exposure, as indicated. [(C), (E), and (F)] Each circle represents data pooled from three replicates in one experiment. The bar graphs indicate mean + SD of two (B) or three to six [(C) and (E) to (G)] independent experiments, and [(C) and (F)] data are normalized to the control condition (0 mM H₂0₂ condition). Statistical analysis: One-way [(C), (E), and (F)] or two-way (G) analysis of variance, followed by Dunnett’s [(C), (E), and (F)] or Sidak’s (G) test for multiple comparisons. (G) Different letters indicate groups that are statistically different (P < 0.05).