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. 2017 Sep 15;49(9):e377. doi: 10.1038/emm.2017.135

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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The effect of various FST-based constructs on the Smad luciferase reporter assay. (a) The myostatin blockade reporter assay. The L17R-1B cells were utilized here, and myostatin was provided as the conditioned media. FST and FST-I-I significantly inhibited the luciferase expression induced by myostatin to 27.9% and 45.6% of the control, respectively. NM (56.5%) or N(−) (51.4%) had milder blockade effects against myostatin. (b) Activin blockade reporter assay. The 293 cells were used here, and the activin was supplied as the conditioned media. FST significantly decreased luciferase expression induced by activin to 27.6% of the control, followed by N(−)(48.8% of the control) and NM (39.6% of the control). FST-I-I (74.4% of the control) had no significant activin inhibitory effects. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 and ****P<0.0001 compared with control.