Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the study population in relation to sex
| Total (n = 6659) | Women (n = 3436) | Men (n = 3223) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, M (SD) | 71.2 (4.5) | 71.3 (4.5) | 71.1 (4.5) | 0.328a |
| Married/Cohabiting, n (%) | 4611 (70.5) | 2107 (62.4) | 2504 (79.0) | < 0.001b |
| Education, n (%) | < 0.001b | |||
| Incomplete primary school | 405 (6.1) | 196 (5.9) | 209 (6.6) | |
| Primary school | 3189 (47.9) | 1723 (51.4) | 1466 (46.5) | |
| High School/College | 1662 (24.9) | 765 (22.8) | 897 (28.5) | |
| University | 1243 (18.7) | 665 (19.9) | 578 (18.4) | |
| Still Working, n (%) | 579 (9.2) | 224 (6.9) | 355 (11.6) | < 0.001b |
| Morbidity, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 845 (16.4) | 354 (13.6) | 491 (19.2) | < 0.001b |
| Asthma | 558 (11.2) | 327 (12.8) | 231 (9.5) | 0.001b |
| Hypertension | 2924 (48.3) | 1520 (46.6) | 1476 (50.0) | < 0.001b |
| Pharmacological treatment, n (%) | ||||
| Antidepressant medication | 392 (8.0) | 269 (10.8) | 123 (5.1) | < 0.001b |
| Anxiolytic medication | 340 (7.0) | 222 (4.6) | 118 (2.4) | < 0.001b |
| Sleeping pills | 946 (18.8) | 659 (25.2) | 287 (11.8) | < 0.001b |
| Visits last three months, n (%) | ||||
| Psychologist | 39 (0.8) | 28 (1.1) | 11 (0.4) | 0.036b |
| Welfare officer | 55 (0.6) | 39 (1.4) | 16 (0.6) | 0.014b |
| HADS score, Mdn (q1-q3) | ||||
| Anxiety | 2 (1–5) | 3 (1–6) | 2 (0–4) | < 0.001c |
| Depression | 3 (1–5) | 2 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | < 0.05c |
| HADS score ≥ 8, n (%) | ||||
| Anxiety | 697 (10.7) | 476 (14.1) | 221 (7.0) | < 0.001b |
| Depression | 641 (9.8) | 307 (9.1) | 334 (10.6) | < 0.05b |
HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
aIndependent sample t-test
bPearson chi-square test
cMann-Whitney U test