Table 2.
Aetiology based on standard diagnostic tests grouped by age and study site. N = 1564
| Diagnose | Total N = 1564 | 5–14 years N = 199 | 15–59 years N = 1069 | >60 years N = 154 | Oddanchatram N = 330 | Ambur N = 316 | Tezpur N = 336 | Mungeli N = 62 | Anantapur N = 160 | Ratnagiri N = 251 | Raxaul N = 109 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malaria PCR | |||||||||||
| Positive | 268 (17) | 26 (13) | 201 (19) | 23 (15) | 19 (6) | 44 (14) | 49 (15) | 13 (21) | 28 (18) | 85 (34) | 30 (28) |
| Negative | 1144 (73) | 151 (76) | 773 (72) | 126 (82) | 299 (91) | 230 (73) | 244 (73) | 39 (63) | 96 (60) | 160 (64) | 76 (70) |
| Malaria microscopy + PCR | |||||||||||
| Positive | 66 (4) | 4 (2) | 57 (5) | 4 (3) | 3 (1) | 7 (2) | 14 (4) | 2 (3) | 9 (6) | 29 (12) | 2 (2) |
| Negative | 1102 (70) | 123 (62) | 667 (62) | 101 (66) | 315 (95) | 110 (35) | 262 (78) | 5 (8) | 104 (65) | 208 (83) | 98 (90) |
| Bacteraemia | |||||||||||
| Positive | 124 (8) | 13 (7) | 102 (10) | 4 (3) | 31 (9) | 9 (3) | 36 (11) | 0 | 14 (9) | 13 (5) | 21 (20) |
| Negativea | 1037 (66) | 136 (68) | 691 (65) | 108 (70) | 297 (90) | 300 (95) | 12 (3) | 5 (8) | 98 (61) | 214 (85) | 80 (73) |
| Dengue | |||||||||||
| Positiveb | 244 (16) | 3 (2) | 39 (4) | 1 (1) | 25 (8) | 59 (19) | 19 (6) | 3 (5) | 54 (34) | 76 (30) | 8 (7) |
| Negativec | 1243 (79) | 121 (61) | 694 (65) | 97 (63) | 305 (92) | 252 (78) | 292 (87) | 30 (48) | 95 (59) | 170 (68) | 99 (91) |
| Scrub typhus | |||||||||||
| Positived | 159 (10) | 26 (13) | 113 (11) | 15 (10) | 7 (2) | 35 (11) | 75 (22) | 1 (2) | 5 (3) | 20 (8) | 16 (15) |
| Negativee | 1281 (82) | 155 (80) | 879 (86) | 130 (86) | 307 (93) | 267 (84) | 220 (65) | 32 (52) | 147 (92) | 217 (86) | 91 (83) |
| Leptospirosis | |||||||||||
| Positivef | 116 (7) | 6 (3) | 95 (9) | 13 (8) | 6 (2) | 14 (4) | 49 (15) | 2 (3) | 14 (9) | 26 (10) | 5 (5) |
| Negativeg | 1303 (83) | 167 (84) | 865 (81) | 121 (79) | 314 (95) | 292 (92) | 232 (69) | 29 (47) | 132 (83) | 209 (83) | 95 (87) |
| Chikungunya | |||||||||||
| Positive | 98 (6) | 17 (9) | 71 (7) | 8 (5) | 33 (10) | 15 (5) | 4 (1) | 0 | 29 (18) | 13 (5) | 4 (4) |
| Negative | 1389 (89) | 170 (85) | 955 (89) | 142 (92) | 284 (86) | 296 (94) | 308 (92) | 34 (55) | 124 (76) | 238 (95) | 105 (96) |
Data are given as number and percentages among total of patients with case definitions filled, including those with more than one case definition. Discrepancies between positive plus negative results and total number are due to missing values or inconclusive/discrepant test results
aIncluding contaminants (N = 40). bPositive MAC ELISA and/or RDT. cNegative MAC ELISA and/or RDT. dPositive IFA on ELISA positives. eELISA negatives and positive ELISA/IFA negatives. fPositive MAT on ELISA positives. gELISA negatives and ELISA positive/MAT negatives