Table 1.
Characteristics of deceased study participants
| No dementia, no cognitive impairment n = 33 |
Minimal-mild dementia, moderate cognitive impairment n = 81 | Moderate-severe dementia, severe cognitive impairment n = 66 | Total n = 180 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |||||||||
| Age at death | ||||||||||||||||
| Median [IQR] | 89.7 | [87.1–92.0] | 90.7 | [86.9–94.2] | 92.3 | [88.5–95.7] | 91.3 | [87.5–94.4] | ||||||||
| [range] | [81.6–102.8] | [79.2–106.7] | [89.9–100.8] | [79.2–106.7] | ||||||||||||
| ≤ 89 years old | 19 | (58) | 36 | (44) | 23 | (35) | 78 | (43) | ||||||||
| ≥ 90 years old | 14 | (42) | 45 | (56) | 43 | (65) | 102 | (57) | ||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||||||
| Male | 16 | (48) | 27 | (33) | 14 | (21) | 57 | (32) | ||||||||
| Female | 17 | (52) | 54 | (67) | 52 | (79) | 123 | (68) | ||||||||
| Marital status | ||||||||||||||||
| Married | 5 | (15) | 16 | (20) | 17 | (26) | 38 | (21) | ||||||||
| Widowed | 27 | (82) | 54 | (67) | 42 | (64) | 123 | (68) | ||||||||
| Separated/Divorced | 1 | (3) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (2) | 2 | (1) | ||||||||
| Single | 0 | (0) | 11 | (14) | 6 | (9) | 17 | (9) | ||||||||
| Education | ||||||||||||||||
| Left school aged ≤14 | 17 | (52) | 56 | (69) | 42 | (64) | 115 | (64) | ||||||||
| Left school aged ≥15 | 16 | (48) | 25 | (31) | 23 | (35) | 64 | (36) | ||||||||
| School leaving age unknown | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (2) | 1 | (<1) | ||||||||
| Social classa | ||||||||||||||||
| Non-manual | 17 | (52) | 30 | (37) | 32 | (48) | 79 | (44) | ||||||||
| Manual | 16 | (48) | 51 | (63) | 32 | (48) | 99 | (55) | ||||||||
| Social class unknown | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 2 | (3) | 2 | (1) | ||||||||
| Place of residence last interviewb | ||||||||||||||||
| Home (house, flat or ‘granny flat’) | 31 | (94) | 73 | (90) | 30 | (45) | 134 | (74) | ||||||||
| alone | 20 | (65) | 48 | (66) | 14 | (47) | 82 | (61) | ||||||||
| with others | 11 | (35) | 25 | (34) | 16 | (53) | 52 | (39) | ||||||||
| Long-term carea | 2 | (6) | 8 | (10) | 36 | (55) | 46 | (26) | ||||||||
| residential care home | 2 | (100) | 7 | (88) | 33 | (92) | 42 | (92) | ||||||||
| nursing home | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 2 | (6) | 2 | (4) | ||||||||
| long-stay ward | 0 | (0) | 1 | (13) | 1 | (3) | 2 | (4) | ||||||||
| Disability in activities of daily living when last interviewed | ||||||||||||||||
| No disability | 7 | (21) | 2 | (2) | 1 | (2) | 10 | (6) | ||||||||
| Disability: instrumental ADLs only | 5 | (15) | 14 | (17) | 1 | (2) | 20 | (11) | ||||||||
| Disability: basic + instrumental ADLs | 21 | (64) | 65 | (80) | 64 | (97) | 150 | (83) | ||||||||
| Receiving service support (if community-dwelling) | ||||||||||||||||
| None | 10 | (32) | 21 | (29) | 10 | (33) | 41 | (31) | ||||||||
| Once a week | 7 | (23) | 21 | (29) | 10 | (33) | 38 | (28) | ||||||||
| More than once | 14 | (45) | 29 | (40) | 8 | (27) | 51 | (38) | ||||||||
| Unknown | 0 | (0) | 2 | (3) | 2 | (7) | 4 | (3) | ||||||||
| Hospital admissions between last interview and death | ||||||||||||||||
| None | 17 | (52) | 42 | (52) | 39 | (59) | 98 | (54) | ||||||||
| One or more | 15 | (45) | 35 | (43) | 25 | (38) | 75 | (42) | ||||||||
| Unknown | 1 | (3) | 4 | (5) | 2 | (3) | 7 | (4) | ||||||||
| Hospital admissions per year between last interview and death, if any | ||||||||||||||||
| Median [IQR] | 0.9 | [0.6–1.7] | 0.7 | [0.5–1.7] | 0.6 | [0.4–1.2] | 0.8 | [0.5–1.6] | ||||||||
| [range] | [(0.2–29.6] | [0.2–3.7] | [0.2–4.6] | [0.2–29.6] | ||||||||||||
| Duration of final illness | ||||||||||||||||
| Less than 1 week | 8 | (24) | 19 | (23) | 17 | (26) | 44 | (24) | ||||||||
| 7 days up to 1 month | 16 | (49) | 36 | (44) | 28 | (42) | 80 | (44) | ||||||||
| 1 month or more | 9 | (27) | 26 | (32) | 21 | (32) | 56 | (32) | ||||||||
| Place of care during final illnessb | ||||||||||||||||
| Home | 11 | (33) | 17 | (21) | 5 | (8) | 33 | (18) | ||||||||
| Long-term care | 4 | (12) | 18 | (22) | 50 | (76) | 72 | (40) | ||||||||
| Hospital | 18 | (55) | 46 | (57) | 11 | (17) | 75 | (42) | ||||||||
| Place of deathb | ||||||||||||||||
| Home | 4 | (12) | 12 | (15) | 3 | (5) | 19 | (11) | ||||||||
| Long-term care | 7 | (21) | 19 | (23) | 50 | (76) | 76 | (42) | ||||||||
| Hospital | 22 | (67) | 50 | (62) | 13 | (20) | 85 | (47) | ||||||||
| Place of death not usual address | ||||||||||||||||
| No | 7 | (21) | 25 | (31) | 43 | (65) | 75 | (42) | ||||||||
| Yes | 26 | (79) | 56 | (69) | 23 | (35) | 105 | (58) | ||||||||
| Time from last interview to death | ||||||||||||||||
| Years: median [IQR] | 1.8 | [1.2–2.5] | 1.6 | [0.8–2.5] | 2.2 | [1.0–3.3] | 1.8 | [1.0–2.8] | ||||||||
| [range] | [0.1–5.3] | [0.3–5.7] | [0.1–6.8] | [0.1–6.8] | ||||||||||||
Footnotes
Column percentages total 100% - apparent slight discrepancies due to rounding
aSocial class categorised following contemporary UK Office of National Statistics grading of occupation reported at baseline interview:
Non-manual = I, II or IIIa, Manual = IIIb, IV or V
bHome: community-dwelling in a house, flat, ‘granny flat’ (part of a relative’s home) or sheltered accommodation
Long-term care: in an older people’s residential home, nursing home or long-stay ward
Hospital: in an acute hospital
Characteristics of the deceased, shown separately for study participants of different cognitive status and overall, summarise data drawn from interviews with the participants before they died and proxy informants after the participant died, CC75C study administrative data and death certificates