Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants stratified by intervention group
| Characteristics | Reflexotherapy | Massage therapy | Routine method | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 67.2 ± 11.8 | 67.0 ± 11.1 | 64.7 ± 12.1 | 0.702 |
| Disease duration (year) | 4 (1.5-8.5) | 3 (1.0-4.0) | 4 (1.5-5.0) | 0.273 |
| Gender [n (%)] | 0.215 | |||
| Male | 9 (36.0) | 14 (56.0) | 15 (60.0) | |
| Female | 16 (64.0) | 11 (44.0) | 10 (40.0) | |
| Occupation state [n (%)] | 0.057 | |||
| Housekeeper | 14 (56.0) | 11 (44.0) | 10 (40.0) | |
| Self-employed | 3 (12.0) | 12 (48.0) | 8 (32.0) | |
| Employed | 2 (8.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (8.0) | |
| Retired | 6 (24.0) | 2 (8.0) | 5 (20.0) | |
| Education level* [n (%)] | 0.073 | |||
| Illiterate | 17 (68.0) | 14 (56.0) | 10 (40.0) | |
| Sub-diploma | 3 (12.0) | 9 (36.0) | 12 (48.0) | |
| Diploma | 2 (8.0) | 2 (8.0) | 2 (8.0) | |
| College degree | 2 (12.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.0) |
Analysis of variance and chi-square test were used; P-values of 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant
*
Tukey's post hoc analysis was used