Table 8. Beer samples with confirmed FB contaminations (μg/L).

Combined Style	Sample Number	Craft	Country	%ABV	Screening 6-plex immunoassay (n = 3)			Confirmatory analysis LC-MS/MS (n = 1)
					average	range	SD	FB1	FB3
African Traditional	272	yes	South Africa	?	27	24–31	4	3	<LOD
African Traditional	278	yes	Zimbabwe	6	376	357–393	18	281	<LOQ
African Traditional	407	yes	South Africa	4	30	28–31	1	11	<LOD
African Traditional	416	yes	South Africa	?	5	3–7	2	4	<LOD
African Traditional	417	yes	South Africa	?	11	10–12	1	4	<LOD
African Traditional	420	yes	South Africa	?	10	8–11	1	5	<LOD
African Traditional	421	yes	South Africa	?	24	20–27	4	7	<LOD
African Traditional	423	yes	South Africa	?	84	82–88	3	361	<LOD
African Traditional	427	yes	South Africa	?	15	13–16	2	3	<LOD
African Traditional	428	yes	South Africa	?	15	14–16	1	2	<LOD
African Traditional	429	yes	South Africa	?	25	25–26	1	301	<LOD
African Traditional	430	yes	South Africa	?	16	16–17	1	3	<LOD
African Traditional	451	yes	South Africa	?	28	27–29	1	271	<LOD
African Traditional	452	yes	South Africa	?	33	31–35	2	13	<LOD
Non/Low Alcohol	398	no	Spain	0	34	32–35	1	281	<LOD
Pale Ale	217	no	Poland	5.7	7	3–9	3	12	<LOD
Pale Lager	48	no	Germany	5	20	19–21	1	20	<LOD
Pale Lager	280	no	Zimbabwe	5	11	10–13	2	11	<LOQ
Pale Lager	386	no	Spain	4.8	7	6–8	1	251	<LOQ
Pale Lager	388	no	Spain	5.4	22	20–24	2	16	<LOQ
Pale Lager	399	no	Spain	5.5	36	32–39	4	9	<LOD
Pale Lager	488	no	Italy	4.7	71	64–76	6	511	<LOD
Pale Lager	493	no	Italy	4.7	59	58–63	3	15	<LOD
Pale Lager	498	no	Italy	4.5	56	54–59	2	11	<LOD

n = number of replicates, %ABV = percentage alcohol by volume, nd = not detected,

¹ Value is above the upper quantification limit,

^? = %ABV unknown, LOD = limit of detection, LOQ = limit of quantification, FB₁ (fumonisin B₁), FB₃ (fumonisin B₃)