Table 4. Factors associated with select IOM-defined care indicators, DC Cohort, 2011–2016a,b,c.
| Regular CD4 monitoring | Regular viral load monitoring | Maintenance of immune function | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Rowa % | P-valueb | aORc (95% CI) |
N | Rowa % | P-valueb | aORc (95% CI) |
N | Row %a |
P-valueb | aORc (95% CI) |
|
| Total | 5,744 | 78.1 | 5,873 | 79.9 | 5,024 | 81.3 | ||||||
| Age | ||||||||||||
| <47 | 2,799 | 76.7 | 0.0048 | Ref | 2,881 | 79.0 | 0.0633 | Ref | 2,460 | 82.0 | 0.2305 | Ref |
| ≥47 | 2,945 | 79.4 | 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) | 2,992 | 80.7 | 1.1 (1.0, 1.3) | 2,564 | 80.8 | 0.9 (0.8, 1.1) | |||
| Sex at birth | ||||||||||||
| Male | 4,123 | 76.9 | <0.0001 | Ref | 4,229 | 78.9 | 0.0007 | Ref | 3,577 | 80.4 | 0.0021 | Ref |
| Female | 1,621 | 81.3 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) | 1,644 | 82.5 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.3) | 1,447 | 83.8 | 1.3 (1.0, 1.7) | |||
| Raced | ||||||||||||
| Black | 4,559 | 79.8 | <0.0001 | 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) | 4,603 | 80.5 | 0.0032 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) | 3,942 | 81.5 | <0.0001 | 0.8 (0.6, 1.0) |
| White | 815 | 75.1 | Ref | 825 | 76.0 | Ref | 730 | 84.4 | Ref | |||
| Other/ Unknown |
370 | 66.8 | 0.6 (0.5, 0.9) | 445 | 80.3 | 1.2 (0.9, 1.7) | 352 | 74.6 | 0.5 (0.4, 0.8) | |||
| HIV Riske | ||||||||||||
| MSM | 2,165 | 75.1 | <0.0001 | Ref | 2,224 | 77.2 | <0.0001 | Ref | 1,901 | 81.8 | 0.0037 | Ref |
| HRH | 1,898 | 80.2 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) | 1,946 | 82.2 | 1.2 (1.0, 1.6) | 1,700 | 82.9 | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) | |||
| IDU | 408 | 81.3 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.7) | 414 | 82.5 | 1.3 (0.9, 1.8) | 363 | 80.3 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) | |||
| Other | 316 | 87.1 | 2.2 (1.4, 3.4) | 316 | 87.1 | 2.1 (1.3, 3.3) | 265 | 82.3 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.4) | |||
| Unknown | 957 | 77.1 | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) | 973 | 78.4 | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) | 795 | 77.3 | 0.7 (0.6, 0.9) | |||
| Clinic type | ||||||||||||
| Hospital-based | 2,682 | 76.9 | 0.0224 | Ref | 2,717 | 77.9 | 0.0001 | Ref | 2,260 | 81.6 | 0.6057 | Ref |
| Community-based | 3,062 | 79.1 | 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) | 3,156 | 81.6 | 1.3 (1.1, 1.5) | 2,764 | 81.1 | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) | |||
aRow percent represents the proportion of participants who met the specific measure out of the population in each demographic group.
bP-value correspond to bivariate comparison of characteristics; P-values less than 0.0083 are considered statistically significant, using a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing.
cAdjusted odds ratio (aOR) are adjusted for all other variables presented in the table; aORs in bold denote statistical differences at the 0.0083 level, using a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing.
dOther race includes races reported as Hispanic, Asian, American Indian/Native American, Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, White-Black, and Other.
eMSM risk includes persons identified as having both MSM and injection drug use risk. Other risk includes perinatal transmission (65%), transfusion/coagulation disorder (19%), hemophiliacs and risk due to occupational exposure and other (16%).
Note. IOM = Institute of Medicine; ARV = antiretroviral; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; MSM = men who have sex with men; HRH = high risk heterosexual risk; IDU = injection drug use; CBO = community-based organization