The expression and enzyme activities of TyrRS and its acetylated variants. A) SDS-PAGE and western blotting of purified TyrRS and its variants. Lane 1: wild-type TyrRS, lane 2: TyrRS-85AcK, lane 3: TyrRS-144AcK, lane 4: TyrRS-235AcK, lane 5: TyrRS-238AcK, lane 6: TyrRS-355AcK. The same volumes of elution fractions were loaded. B) ATP-PPi exchange assays of TyrRS and its variants. C) Aminoacylation assays of TyrRS and its variants. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated based on three replicates.