Table 3.
Genotypic and allelic frequencies of CYP2C9 in the Middle East and North Africa region
| References | Country | Study population | Sample size | Genotypic frequencies (%) | Allelic frequencies (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *1/*1 | *1/*2 | *1/*3 | *2/*2 | *2/*3 | *3/*3 | *1 | *2 | *3 | ||||
| [47] | Egypt | Healthy volunteers | 247 | 66.4 | 19.0 | 11.7 | 2.4 | 0 | 0.4 | 81.8 | 11.9 | 6.3 |
| [48] | Egypt | Healthy volunteers (n = 154), patients taking maintenance warfarin (n = 46) | 200 | 81.5 | 4.5 | 8.5 | 4.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 88.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 |
| [49] | Egypt | Warfarin-resistant patients | 41 | 60.9 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 80.4 | 9.8 | 9.8 |
| Warfarin-responsive patients | 30 | 73.3 | 20.0 | 6.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 86.7 | 10.0 | 3.3 | ||
| [50] | Egypt | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 63 | 76.2 | 7.9 | 6.3 | 3.2 | 0 | 6.3 | 83.4 | 7.1 | 9.5 |
| [51] | Egypt | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 84 | 83.3 | NA | 11.9 | NA | NA | 4.8 | 89.3 | NA | 10.7 |
| [52] | Egypta | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 207 | 62.6 | 17.4 | 11.8 | 1.0 | 4.1 | 1.0 | 74.2 | 11.1 | 8.5 |
| [53] | Iran | Healthy volunteers | 200 | 82.0 | 10.5 | 0 | 7.5 | 0 | 0 | 87.2 | 12.8 | 0 |
| [54] | Iran | Healthy volunteers | 50 | 82.0 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 91.0 | 6.0 | 3.0 |
| Patients taking maintenance valproic acid | 68 | 80.9 | 11.8 | 4.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 | 89.0 | 8.1 | 2.9 | ||
| [55] | Iran | Warfarin-sensitive patients | 21 | 19.0 | 66.7 | 14.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52.4 | 47.6 | NA |
| Patients with normal warfarin response | 37 | 75.7 | 21.6 | 2.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 86.5 | 13.5 | NA | ||
| [56] | Iran | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 100 | 39.0 | 41.0 | 9.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | 0 | 64.0 | 27.0 | 9.0 |
| [57] | Jordan | Healthy volunteers | 263 | 62.7 | 21.7 | 12.2 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 0 | 79.7 | 13.5 | 6.8 |
| [58] | Kuwait | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 108 | 69.4 | 21.3 | 6.5 | 0 | 2.8 | 0 | 83.4 | 12.0 | 4.6 |
| [59] | Libya | Healthy volunteers | 161 | 65.8 | 14.9 | 13.7 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 80.1 | 10.6 | 9.3 |
| [60] | Libya | Patients taking maintenance VKA | 231 | 60.6 | 22.5 | 10.0 | 2.2 | 3.9 | 0.9 | 76.8 | 15.4 | 7.8 |
| [61] | Morocco | Low-dose acenocoumarol | 20 | 55.0 | 25.0 | 5.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 5.0 | 70.0 | 22.5 | 7.5 |
| Medium-dose acenocoumarol | 58 | 72.4 | 19.0 | 6.9 | 1.7 | 0 | 0 | 85.4 | 11.2 | 3.4 | ||
| High-dose acenocoumarol | 36 | 94.4 | 2.8 | 0 | 2.8 | 0 | 0 | 95.8 | 4.2 | 0 | ||
| [62] | Omana | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 212 | 73.6 | 11.3 | 8.5 | NA | 2.4 | 0.9 | 84.2 | 6.8 | 6.4 |
| [63] | Oman | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 189 | 80.4 | 12.7 | 5.8 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 | 89.6 | 7.5 | 2.9 |
| [64] | Saudi Arabia | Healthy volunteers | 131 | 68.7 | 26.7 | 4.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 84.3 | 13.4 | 2.3 |
| [65] | Saudi Arabia | Healthy volunteers | 192 | 64.1 | 17.2 | 13.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 79.2 | 11.7 | 9.1 |
| [66] | Sudana | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 203 | 71.9 | 8.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 84.0 | 4.9 | 0 |
| [67] | Tunisiaa | Healthy volunteers | 258 | 61.6 | 19.4 | 13.2 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 0 | 77.9 | 14.0 | 8.1 |
| [43] | Turkey | Healthy volunteers | 96 | 66.7 | 13.5 | 15.6 | 3.1 | 0 | 1.0 | 81.2 | 9.9 | 8.9 |
| [68] | Turkey | Healthy volunteers | 64 | 64.0 | 14.1 | 15.6 | 3.1 | 0 | 3.1 | 78.9 | 10.2 | 10.9 |
| [69] | Turkey | Healthy volunteers | 85 | 68.2 | 11.8 | 14.1 | 3.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 81.2 | 10.0 | 8.8 |
| [42] | Turkey | Healthy volunteers (n = 218), outpatients with variable diagnoses (n = 280) | 499 | 61.7 | 18.0 | 17.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 79.4 | 10.6 | 10.0 |
| [44] | Turkey | Outpatients of epilepsy clinic | 102 | 78.4 | 14.7 | 6.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 89.2 | 7.4 | 3.4 |
| [70] | Turkeya | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 205 | 60.0 | 18.0 | 13.7 | 1.5 | 3.9 | 1.0 | 76.8 | 12.7 | 9.8 |
| [71] | Turkey | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 100 | 50.0 | 21.0 | 24.0 | 0 | 5.0 | 0 | 72.5 | 13.0 | 14.5 |
| [72] | Turkey | Patients taking maintenance anticoagulant | 292 | 56.5 | 23.0 | 8.6 | 3.0 | 7.2 | 1.7 | 72.2 | 18.2 | 9.6 |
CYP cytochrome P450, NA not assessed, VKA vitamin-K antagonist, VPA valproic acid
aAdditional CYP2C9 alleles assessed; therefore, percentages do not add to 100%