Table 4.
Genotypic and allelic frequencies of CYP2C19 in the Middle East and North Africa region
| References | Country | Study population | Sample size | Genotypic frequencies (%) | Allelic frequencies (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *1/*1 | *1/*2 | *1/*3 | *2/*2 | *2/*3 | *3/*3 | *1 | *2 | *3 | ||||
| [67] | Bahraina | Healthy volunteers | 75 | 33.3 | 33.3 | NA | 8.0 | NA | NA | 53.3 | 26.0 | NA |
| [47] | Egypt | Healthy volunteers | 247 | 78.5 | 20.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 88.9 | 10.9 | 0.2 |
| [73] | Egypt | Male agricultural workers | 120 | 93.3 | 5.8 | NA | 0.8 | NA | NA | 96.2 | 3.8 | NA |
| [74] | Gaza Strip | Children with hematological malignancy | 52 | 80.8 | 15.4 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 0 | 0 | 89.4 | 9.6 | 1.0 |
| Healthy volunteers | 200 | 86.5 | 6.5 | 1.5 | 3 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 90.5 | 6.5 | 3.0 | ||
| [53] | Iran | Healthy volunteers | 200 | 75.0 | 22.0 | 0 | 3.0 | 0 | 0 | 86.0 | 14.0 | 0 |
| [75] | Irana | Healthy volunteers | 180 | 41.7 | 18.3 | NA | 2.2 | NA | NA | 65.3 | 13.1 | 0 |
| [27] | Iran | Healthy volunteers of Baluch descent | 140 | 78.6 | 20.0 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 88.9 | 10.0 | 1.1 |
| [76] | Iran | Patients with erosive reflux esophagitis | 82 | 70.7 | 24.3 | 3.7 | 1.3 | 0 | 0 | 84.8 | 13.4 | 1.8 |
| [56] | Iran | Patients taking maintenance warfarin | 99 | 76.8 | 21.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 87.9 | 11.1 | 1.0 |
| [77] | Iran | Patients taking clopidogrel for elective PCI | 112 | NR | 89.0 | 10.1 | 0.9 | |||||
| [78] | Iran | Patients with PCI for CAD | 43 | 72.1 | 23.3 | NA | 4.7 | NA | NA | 83.7 | 16.3 | NA |
| [79] | Iran | Patients with in-stent restenosis while taking appropriate DAPT for PCI | 50 | 86.0 | 14.0 | NA | 0 | NA | NA | 93.0 | 7.0 | NA |
| Patients without in-stent restenosis while taking DAPT for PCI | 50 | 92.0 | 8.0 | NA | 0 | NA | NA | 96.0 | 4.0 | NA | ||
| [80] | Israel | Healthy volunteers | 140 | 70.7 | 25.0 | 1.4 | 2.9 | 0 | 0 | 83.9 | 15.4 | 0.7 |
| [81] | Israel | Volunteers of Yemenite descent | 36 | 77.8 | 19.4 | 0 | 2.8 | 0 | 0 | 87.5 | 12.5 | 0 |
| Volunteers of Bedouin descent | 50 | 76.0 | 20.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 | 87.0 | 12.0 | 1.0 | ||
| [57] | Jordan | Healthy volunteers | 158 | 78.5 | 18.4 | 0 | 3.2 | 0 | 0 | 87.7 | 12.3 | 0 |
| [82] | Jordan | Healthy male volunteers | 78 | 74.4 | 19.2 | 0 | 6.4 | 0 | 0 | 84.0 | 16.0 | 0 |
| [67] | Kuwaita | Healthy volunteers | 100 | 41.0 | 35.0 | NA | 3.0 | NA | NA | 61.5 | 22.0 | NA |
| [83] | Lebanon | Healthy volunteers | 161 | 75.8 | 20.5 | 0.6 | 3.1 | 0 | 0 | 86.3 | 13.4 | 0.3 |
| [84] | Saudi Arabiaa | Healthy volunteers | 201 | 40.3 | 14.4 | NA | 0.005 | NA | NA | 62.9 | 11.2 | NA |
| [85] | Saudi Arabia | Healthy military recruits | 97 | NR | 87.0 | 13.0 | 0 | |||||
| [86] | Saudi Arabia | Patients taking clopidogrel for ACS | 90 | 67.0 | 3.0 | 0 | 32.0 | 0 | 0 | 67.8 | 32.2 | 0 |
| [67] | Tunisiaa | Healthy volunteers | 258 | 47.3 | 12.8 | NA | 0.3 | NA | NA | 69.8 | 8.9 | 0 |
| [43] | Turkey | Healthy volunteers | 94 | 78.1 | 16.7 | NA | 3.1 | NA | NA | 88.3 | 11.7 | 0 |
| [87] | Turkey | Healthy volunteers | 404 | 76.0 | 22.3 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 87.5 | 12.1 | 0.4 |
| [44] | Turkey | Outpatients of epilepsy clinic | 102 | 55.9 | 17.6 | 10.8 | 5.9 | 9.8 | 0 | 70.1 | 19.6 | 10.3 |
| [88] | Turkeya | Children, 2–18 years old | 244 | 44.3 | 12.3 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 65.6 | 10.0 | 0 |
| [89] | Turkey | Patients taking clopidogrel for ICVD | 51 | 70.6 | 25.5 | 0 | 3.9 | 0 | 0 | 83.3 | 16.7 | 0 |
ACS acute coronary syndrome, CAD coronary artery disease, CYP cytochrome P450, DAPT dual anti-platelet therapy, ICVD ischemic cerebrovascular disease, MACE major adverse cardiac event, NA not assessed, NR not reported, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention
aAdditional CYP2C19 alleles assessed; therefore, percentages do not add to 100%