| In patients originating from the Middle East and North Africa region, phenytoin metabolism was significantly decreased by genetic polymorphisms of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 enzyme; the impacts of CYP2C19 and multidrug resistance protein 1 C3435T polymorphisms were unclear. |
| The impacts of genetic polymorphisms on clinical outcomes associated with phenytoin are not well described in the literature and warrant further investigation. |
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