Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by AF status before and after propensity score matching
| Before propensity matching | p | After propensity matching | p | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No AF (n = 494,071) | AF (n = 3,295) | Standard mean, Diff. | No AF (n = 13,159) | AF (n = 3,295) | Standard, mean, Diff. | |||
| Age, years | 47.4 ± 14.2 | 62.8 ± 12.9 | 1.194 | < 0.001 | 62.9 ± 12.9 | 62.8 ± 12.9 | −0.006 | 0.877 |
| Female, % | 50.1 | 42 | −0.173 | < 0.001 | 42.1 | 42.0 | −0.003 | 0.874 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 122.1 ± 15.3 | 128.3 ± 16.9 | 0.366 | < 0.001 | 128.5 ± 16.1 | 128.3 ± 16.8 | −0.012 | 0.577 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 76.0 ± 10.2 | 78.6 ± 10.6 | 0.245 | < 0.001 | 78.8 ± 10.2 | 78.6 ± 10.7 | −0.012 | 0.586 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.7 ± 3.3 | 24.3 ± 3.4 | 0.190 | < 0.001 | 24.3 ± 3.2 | 24.3 ± 3.4 | 0.003 | 0.884 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 79.9 ± 9.3 | 83.9 ± 9.1 | 0.449 | < 0.001 | 84.0 ± 8.6 | 84.0 ± 9.1 | 0.003 | 0.629 |
| Heart failure, % | 1.9 | 11.5 | 0.299 | < 0.001 | 10.1 | 11.5 | 0.038 | 0.023 |
| Hypertension, % | 20.7 | 57 | 0.732 | < 0.001 | 56.5 | 57 | 0.009 | 0.609 |
| Diabetes, % | 12.3 | 32.1 | 0.426 | < 0.001 | 31.3 | 32.1 | 0.017 | 0.345 |
| CKD or ESRD, % | 5.6 | 17.3 | 0.309 | < 0.001 | 16.6 | 17.3 | 0.015 | 0.348 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 18.6 | 38.1 | 0.400 | < 0.001 | 38.2 | 38.1 | −0.003 | 0.952 |
| Ischemic stroke, % | 2.4 | 9.3 | 0.239 | < 0.001 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 0.005 | 0.737 |
| PAOD, % | 6.9 | 19.4 | 0.315 | < 0.001 | 19.2 | 19.4 | 0.005 | 0.768 |
| COPD, % | 6.0 | 17.3 | 0.298 | < 0.001 | 16.6 | 17.3 | 0.015 | 0.355 |
| History of malignancy, % | 6.6 | 14.1 | 0.218 | < 0.001 | 13.7 | 14.1 | 0.011 | 0.553 |
| Anemia, % | 11.8 | 16.7 | 0.245 | < 0.001 | 16.3 | 16.2 | −0.004 | 0.873 |
| Smoking, % | 37.6 | 39.4 | 0.021 | 0.042 | 38.4 | 39.4 | 0.004 | 0.304 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 195.1 ± 37.2 | 192.9 ± 39.4 | −0.054 | 0.001 | 192.9 ± 37.8 | 192.9 ± 39.3 | 0.002 | 0.876 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dl | 131.9 ± 94.1 | 139.2 ± 88 | 0.088 | < 0.001 | 139.6 ± 86.7 | 139.2 ± 88.2 | −0.004 | 0.799 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dl | 56.5 ± 27.9 | 55.1 ± 36.5 | −0.028 | 0.025 | 54.8 ± 35.3 | 55.1 ± 36.5 | 0.006 | 0.721 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mg/dl | 113.8 ± 37.6 | 112.4 ± 38.7 | −0.031 | 0.038 | 112.8 ± 38.8 | 112.4 ± 38.7 | −0.007 | 0.553 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dl | 1.0 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 1.2 | 0.079 | < 0.001 | 1.09 ± 1.2 | 1.10 ± 1.2 | 0.007 | 0.693 |
| eGFR-CKD-EPI | 89.5 ± 21.1 | 76.7 ± 21.1 | −0.601 | < 0.001 | 77.4 ± 20.5 | 77.1 ± 20.9 | −0.010 | 0.507 |
| CHADS2 | 0.5 ± 0.9 | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 0.995 | < 0.001 | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 0.029 | 0.131 |
| CHADS-VASc | 1.2 ± 1.3 | 2.6 ± 1.9 | 1.073 | < 0.001 | 2.5 ± 2.0 | 2.6 ± 2.0 | 0.026 | 0.225 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD for continuous variables and as proportions for categorical variables. AF, atrial fibrillation; CKD, chronic kidney disease; ESRD, end–stage renal disease; PAOD, peripheral artery obstructive disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; eGFR-CKD-EPI, estimated glomerular filtration rate-chronic kidney disease-epidemiology collaboration; CHADS2, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke; VASc, Vascular disease, age 65–75 years, sex category.