Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| 2004–2005 | 2014 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 219 | 282 | n.a. |
| Male, n (%) | 145 (66.2) | 195 (69.1) | 0.485 |
| Mean age | 45.6 ± 22.7 | 53.6 ± 23.8 | <0.001 |
| ISS | 24.0 ± 8.1 | 23.2 ± 7.8 | 0.267 |
| Prehospital RTS | 6.4 ± 2.0 | 6.8 ± 2.3 | 0.190 |
| ER RTS | 6.5 ± 1.8 | 6.5 ± 2.0 | 0.844 |
| Prehospital GCS median (IQR) | 14 (6–15) | 14 (7–15) | 0.935 |
| ER GCS median (IQR) | 14(4–15) | 14 (3–15) | 0.961 |
| P-HEMS presence, n (%) | 61 (27.9) | 116 (41.4) | 0.001 |
| OST | |||
| TPT | 44.7 (15.2) | 45.4 (12.6) | 0.063 |
| Intubation | n.r | 38 (13.5) | |
| ER pH | 7.33 (0.1) | 7.4 (0.1) | 0.055 |
| ER BE | −2.7 (2.9) | −0.7 (3.7) | <0.001 |
| ER pO2 | 202.0 (110.5) | 126.7 (99.8) | <0.001 |
| ER Hb | 7.7 (1.5) | 7.5 (1.6) | 0.272 |
N number, n.a. not applicable, ISS injury severity score, RTS revised trauma score, ER emergency room, IQR inter quartile range, CGS Glasgow coma score, P-HEMS physician staffed helicopter emergency medical service, OST on scene time, TPT total prehospital time, n.r not recorded, pH numeric scale for acidity, BE base excess in mmol/L, pO 2 partial pressure of Oxygen in mm Hg, Hb hemoglobin levels in mmol/L