Table 1. Potential applications of different ‘omic technologies to a complex trait like ARDS.

For each application, the tested analyte is named and the most likely potential applications are highlighted with an X.

Analyte Field	Infer Mechanism	Candidate Marker Validation	Candidate Marker Discovery	Identify Subclasses	Risk Stratify	Improve Diagnosis	Identify Therapeutic Targets
DNA	x	x	x		x		x
Genomics
DNA	x	x			x		x
methylation or acetylation
Epigenomics
mRNA	x	x	x	x	x		x
- miRNA
- ncRNA
Transcriptomics
Proteins	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
Proteomics
Metabolites	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
Metabolomics
Systems	x			x	x		x
Interactome
Microbiota	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
Microbiome