Nanoparticle accumulation and uptake by cells in draining lymph nodes. The MFI of DEC-205+ cells in draining lymph nodes was determined A) 6 hr or B) 48 hr following subcutaneous administration of nanoparticles. E2 shows no significant preference for association with DEC-205+ cells in vivo following surface functionalization with PEG or CpG. Data is reported as average ± S.E.M. of 3 independent experiments. C) Extent of nanoparticle association/uptake was measured by MFI of fluorescent-positive draining lymph node cells using flow cytometry 6 hr following subcutaneous administration. CD11c, B220, and F4/80 markers generally indicate dendritic cells, B cells, and macrophages/Langerhans DCs, respectively. Data is reported as average ± S.E.M. of 3 independent experiments. Statistical significance within a group was determined using a one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey’s test, comparing all means (* p < 0.05).