Table 2.

Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (mGluR5) Availability and Anterior Cingulate Glutamate Level

ROI	HC Mean (N=35)	HC SEM	MDD Mean (N=30)	MDD SEM	t	p	FDRa
mGluR5 VT
Amygdala	25.74	0.96	26.43	1.19	−0.45	0.65	0.74
Anterior Insula	30.24	1.00	31.74	1.37	−0.90	0.37	0.59
Caudate	25.40	1.12	26.62	1.35	−0.71	0.48	0.68
Ant Cingulate	29.33	1.00	31.23	1.29	−1.18	0.24	0.52
Post Cingulate	19.87	0.76	20.01	0.92	−0.12	0.90	0.92
Frontal Cortex	23.49	0.84	25.63	1.09	−1.57	0.12	0.46
Hippocampus	22.76	0.95	23.39	1.06	−0.44	0.66	0.74
Occipital Cortex	24.01	0.84	25.79	1.08	−1.32	0.19	0.51
Parietal Cortex	23.97	0.84	26.30	1.12	−1.68	0.10	0.46
Posterior Insula	27.54	0.98	29.17	1.29	−1.02	0.31	0.56
Putamen	27.32	0.96	29.40	1.21	−1.36	0.18	0.51
Temporal Cortex	27.18	0.95	28.96	1.22	−1.16	0.25	0.52
Thalamus	18.87	0.72	19.49	0.95	−0.53	0.60	0.74
Cerebellum	10.50	0.38	11.54	0.49	−1.70	0.10	0.46
mGluR5 DVR
Amygdala	2.48	0.06	2.31	0.07	1.79	0.08	0.46
Anterior Insula	2.91	0.06	2.78	0.07	1.41	0.16	0.51
Caudate	2.44	0.08	2.32	0.07	1.18	0.24	0.52
Ant Cingulate	2.82	0.06	2.74	0.07	0.87	0.39	0.59
Post Cingulate	1.93	0.07	1.77	0.07	1.62	0.11	0.46
Frontal Cortex	2.25	0.05	2.24	0.05	0.14	0.89	0.92
Hippocampus	2.18	0.06	2.05	0.06	1.58	0.12	0.46
Occipital Cortex	2.31	0.05	2.26	0.05	0.67	0.50	0.68
Parietal Cortex	2.30	0.05	2.30	0.05	0.10	0.92	0.92
Posterior Insula	2.65	0.06	2.56	0.07	1.01	0.31	0.56
Putamen	2.63	0.06	2.58	0.06	0.63	0.53	0.68
Temporal Cortex	2.61	0.05	2.54	0.06	0.95	0.35	0.59
Thalamus	1.81	0.05	1.70	0.05	1.56	0.12	0.46
ACC Metabolites	(N=23)		(N=16)
Glutamate	0.59	0.04	0.78	0.07	−2.28	0.03	0.03
Glutamine	0.27	0.03	0.46	0.07	−2.50	0.02	0.03
Glx	0.87	0.06	1.24	0.11	−3.12	0.003	0.009

Notes:

^aFalse Discover Rate (FDR) corrected p values;

Abbreviations: V_T, volume of distribution; DVR, distribution volume ratio; MDD, major depressive disorder; HC, healthy control; ACC, anterior cingulate cortex