Table 1.
Dependent variable | Comparison group variable mean (s.d.) | Coefficient estimate (s.e.) on programme indicator |
---|---|---|
Panel A: Baseline characteristics (2001–2 surveys) | ||
Student age (2001) | 13.3 (1.44) | −0.14 (0.15) |
Iron roof ownership | 0.82 (0.38) | −0.048 (0.038) |
Mother years of schooling | 8.71 (4.18) | 0.79* (0.40) |
Father years of schooling | 10.47 (3.99) | 0.55 (0.49) |
Proportion ethnic Luhya | 0.79 (0.41) | 0.067 (0.056) |
Proportion ethnic Luo | 0.104 (0.31) | −0.054 (0.038) |
Proportion ethnic Teso | 0.055 (0.23) | 0.018 (0.033) |
Test score pre-programme, all subjects (normalized) | 0.00 (1.00) | 0.12 (0.20) |
Panel B: Short-run impacts (2001–2) | ||
Test score post-programme, all subjects (normalized) | 0.00 (1.00) | 0.34* (0.20) |
Student school attendance | 0.788 (0.36) | 0.060* (0.032) |
Teacher school attendance | 0.822 (0.262) | 0.069*** (0.025) |
Notes
Each row is from a separate OLS regression. Significant at 90% (*), 95% (**), 99% (***) confidence.
The outcome variable is regressed on the GSP (treatment) indicator. Standard errors are clustered by school. The sample size in panel A ranges from 789 to 1387 observations depending on the dependent variable. The sample consists of female students in the GSP schools in Busia who were interviewed in the long-run follow-up and will be included in subsequent analysis. The academic subjects tested included English, geography/history/civics, mathematics, science and Swahili. The attendance data for both pupils and teachers were collected during unannounced visits to schools in 2001 and 2002. The sample size in panel B is 993 students in the test score regressions, and 1351 students and 666 teachers in the attendance regressions, respectively.