Table 4.
Attitudes with Respect to Ethnicity, Religion and Democracy in Follow-up survey (2005–7)
| Dependent variable | Comparison group variable mean (s.d.) | Coefficient estimate (s.e.) on programme indicator |
|---|---|---|
| Panel A: Ethnic and religious attitudes | ||
| Ethnic identity is not ‘very important’ to respondent (0–1) | 0.110 (0.313) | −0.033 (0.020) |
| Ethnic identity is not ‘very important’ to respondent (0–1), among those surveyed in 2005 and 2006 | 0.126 (0.332) | −0.042* (0.021) |
| Migrated out of Busia and Teso districts | 0.257 (0.437) | 0.006 (0.036) |
| Religious identity is not ‘very important’ to respondent (0–1) | 0.014 (0.116) | 0.005 (0.006) |
| Member of a prayer group (0–1) | 0.371 (0.483) | 0.018 (0.034) |
| Panel B: Democratic attitudes | ||
| Agree with: ‘We should choose our leaders in this country through regular, open and honest elections.’ (0 to 1) | 0.93 (0.19) | 0.001 (0.014) |
| Agree with: ‘Democracy is preferable to any other kind of government’ (0–1) AFB, WVS] | 0.69 (0.46) | −0.005 (0.035) |
| Disagree with: ‘Only those who are sufficiently well educated should be allowed to choose our leaders.’ (0 to 1) [AFB] | 0.73 (0.38) | −0.022 (0.030) |
| Disagree with: ‘Only one political party should be allowed to stand for election and hold office.’ (0 to 1) [AFB] | 0.35 (0.40) | 0.032 (0.029) |
| Disagree with: ‘All decisions should be made by a council of elders.’ (0 to 1) [AFB] | 0.27 (0.36) | 0.023 (0.026) |
| Disagree with: ‘The military should come in to govern the country.’ (0 to 1) [AFB] | 0.61 (0.41) | 0.002 (0.033) |
| Disagree with: ‘Elections and the Parliament should be abolished so that the president can decide everything.’ (0 to 1) [AFB] | 0.64 (0.41) | −0.006 (0.032) |
| Democratic attitudes mean effect | 0.00 (1.00) | 0.023 (0.098) |
Notes
Each row is from a separate OLS regression. Significant at 90% (*), 95% (**), 99% (***) confidence.
The outcome variable is regressed on the GSP (treatment) indicator, an indicator for student cohort, student age at time of the survey, educational attainment of each parent, and timing of the follow-up survey (coefficient estimates not shown). Standard errors are clustered by school. The sample size is 1387, except in the restricted sample for ethnic identity, where only those interviewed in 2005 and 2006 are included, in which case the sample size is 1346. Details on the mean effect analysis are in the text. The mean effect at the bottom of panel B includes all variables in that panel. AFB indicates a question from the Afrobarometer Survey, and WVS indicates a question from the World Values Survey.