Table 6.
Perceived Political Efficacy, Participation in Politics and Civic Affairs, and Attitudes Towards Violence in Politics in Follow-up Survey (2005–7)
| Dependent variable | Comparison group variable mean (s.d.) | Coefficient estimate (s.e.) on programme indicator |
|---|---|---|
| Panel A: Perceived political efficacy | ||
| Disagree with: ‘Politics and government sometimes seem so complicated that you can’t really understand what’s going on.’ (0 to 1) [AFB] | 0.16 (0.29) | 0.009 (0.020) |
| Disagree with: ‘This world is run by a few people in power, and there is not much that someone like me can do about it.’ (0 to 1) | 0.30 (0.37) | 0.019 (0.027) |
| Perceived political efficacy mean effect | 0.00 (1.00) | 0.055 (0.066) |
| Panel B: Participation in politics and civic affairs | ||
| Interested in public affairs (0–1) [AFB, WVS] | 0.26 (0.44) | −0.028 (0.028) |
| Respondent intends to vote in the next presidential election (0–1) | 0.48 (0.50) | −0.025 (0.045) |
| Community group memberships | 1.41 (1.39) | 0.059 (0.105) |
| Participation in politics and civic affairs mean effect | 0.00 (1.00) | −0.038 (0.073) |
| ‘Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you need to be very careful in dealing with people?’ (0–1) [WVS] | 0.187 (0.390) | −0.018 (0.025) |
| Panel C: Political violence | ||
| Agree with ‘It is sometimes necessary to use violence in support of a just cause.’ (0–1) (vs. ‘The use of violence is never justified in politics.’) [AFB] | 0.23 (0.42) | 0.059** (0.029) |
| ‘It is sometimes necessary to use violence in support of a just cause.’ (0 to 1) (vs. ‘The use of violence is never justified in politics.’) [AFB] | 0.25 (0.39) | 0.040 (0.028) |
Notes
Each row is from a separate OLS regression. Significant at 90% (*), 95% (**), 99% (***) confidence.
The outcome variable is regressed on the GSP (treatment) indicator, an indicator for student cohort, student age at time of the survey, educational attainment of each parent, and timing of the follow-up survey (coefficient estimates not shown). Standard errors are clustered by school. The sample size is 1387. Details on the mean effect analysis are in the text. The mean effect at the bottom of panel A includes all variables in that panel, and the mean effect in panel B includes all variables except for the trust question. The sample size for the ‘intends to vote in the next presidential election’ analysis falls to 963 because the question was asked only of those respondents old enough to vote in the next election. The types of community groups include: women’s groups; farmer/agricultural groups; youth groups; water groups/well committees, credit, saving, or insurance groups; prayer or bible study groups; burial committees; school committees or clubs; sports teams; other community group. AFB indicates a question from the Afrobarometer Survey, and WVS indicates a question from the World Values Survey.