Figure 6. Potential use of in-vitro spermatogenesis for the treatment of infertility.

Infertile patient due to genetic defect or with a problem of low number of germ cells could be cured with in-vitro spermatogenesis. SSCs could be collected from such patients by testicular biopsy and following SSCs could be expand or genetic defect could be corrected by gene theory. Then, the gene corrected and expanded SSCs could be transplant in to a patient’s testis to restore fertility (purple arrow). But, for patients with Klinefelter syndrome, whose testes might have atrophied by adulthood, the only option would be in-vitro differentiation of SSCs to spermatozoa (red arrow). The patient without any germ cell in their testis could also have their own biological offspring by in vitro production of haploid germ cell from somatic cells (blue arrow).